单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/8/25,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/8/25,#,非谓语动词,non-finite verb,非谓语动词non-finite verb,1,Contents,1.,定义,2.,形式,3.,考点,1.,不充当句子谓语的动词,2.,不受主语限制，无时态与语态变化,1.,动词不定式（,to do sth.,）,2.,动名词（,v,.-ing,）,3.,分词,现在分词（,v,.-ing),过去分词（,v,.-ed,或不规则变化）,4.,真题 演练,Contents1.定义2.形式3.考点1.不充当句子谓语的,2,3.,考点,考点一：不定式,不定式的基本形式是,（,not,）,to,动词原形,，无人称与数的变化，在句中也不能作谓语，动词不定式和自己的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。,My father asked me not to eat too much.,3.考点考点一：不定式不定式的基本形式是（not）to动,3,句法作用,主语,宾语,定语,状语,表语,宾语补足语,句法作用主语宾语定语状语表语宾语补足语,4,(1),作主语,动词不定式作主语时，常用,it,作形式主语,，而将真正的主语放在句末，,It,be,形容词,(for sb.),动词不定式。,It,s important(for us),to protect,the environment.,注,：当在,kind,，,good,，,nice,，,clever,等表示,人的品质,的形容词后，不用,for,而用,of,。,It,s very kind,of,you,to help,me.,句法作用,(1)作主语句法作用,5,2024/11/16,(2),作宾语,一些谓语动词后只能用不定式作宾语，常见的这类词表示,命令、打算或希望,，如：would like，want，wish，hope，decide，plan，expect等。,Would you like,to see,a film with me this evening?,在,find，think,，,feel,后跟不定式作宾语时，常用it代替，而将真正的宾语放在句末。,I find it easy,to read,English every day.,2023/10/2(2)作宾语,6,2024/11/16,(3),作定语,动词不定式作定语时，放在名词之后，它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。,I have a lot of,homework,to do,.,(4),作状语,Mrs Wang went to Shanghai,to see,her daughter.(目的),Were glad,to meet,you here.(原因),He is too tired,to work,on.(结果),2023/10/2(3)作定语(4)作状语,7,2024/11/16,(5),宾语补足语,动词不定式作宾补时，它与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。,Lucy asked,him,to turn down,the radio.,(6),表语,My dream is,to be,a good teacher.,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,2023/10/2(5)宾语补足语(6)表语中考复习非谓语动,8,温馨提示：,2.,help,后接不定式时可以省略,to,；,请输入您标题,1.,有些动词后接不定式时通常省略,to,：,feel;hear,listen to;let,make,have;see,watch,notice,look at,简记为,“,一感二听三使四看,”,，,上述动词变为,被动语态,后，其后的不定式,必须补上“,to”,。,请输入您标题,Tom helped his brother,(to)learn,to swim.,变为被动语态：,His brother was helped,to learn,to swim by Tom.,We often hear Jack,sing,English songs.,变为被动语态：,Jack is often heard,to sing,English songs.,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,温馨提示：2.help后接不定式时可以省略to；请输入您,9,牢记以下词后面跟动词不定式,01,02,03,1,.,want,would like,get,decide,learn,teach,wish,hope,expect,agree,plan,pretend,enough,dare,refuse,fail,prepare,try,manage,help,offer,beg,afford,promise,be+,形容词后,疑问词后,序数词后，,the+,形容词最高级后,2.be supposed to do sth,，,be used to do sth,used to do sth(,过去常常做某事）,3.,句子：,Its ones duty to do sth.,It takes sb+,钱或时间,to do sth.,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,牢记以下词后面跟动词不定式0102031.want,wo,10,2.,考点二：动名词,动名词由,动词原形,ing,构成，与现在分词同形。在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语等。,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,2.考点二：动名词 动名词由动词原形ing构成,11,句法作用,Eating too much,is bad for your health.,谓语动词用,单数,I like,playing basketball,very much.,表示习惯性的动作,My hobby is,eating,meat,.,多数情况下可转换为动名词作主语,Bill is in the,reading room,.,只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等,主语,表语,宾语,定语,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,句法作用Eating too much is bad for,12,牢记,1.其后常接动名词的动词及动词词组有,finish，enjoy，practice，understand，mind，keep，consider，miss，avoid(避免)，suggest，admit，be worth，have difficulty/problems/trouble/fun，waste time，can,t help/can,t stop，be used to(习惯于)，所有介词,等,2.其后既可以接动名词，也可接动词不定式的动词有,love，like，prefer，begin，start，continue，remember，try，stop，forget，hate，need，allow，go on,等。,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,牢记1.其后常接动名词的动词及动词词组有finish，enj,13,牢记,3,当,need,，,require,，,want,作,“,需要,”,解时，后加动名词主动式等于不定式的被动式。,The window needs cleaning.,The window needs to be cleaned.,那扇窗户需要被清洗。,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,牢记 3当need，require，want作“需要”,14,牢记,4.,部分动词既可接动名词作宾语，又可接不定式作宾语，两者,意义区别较大,。,remember,doing sth.,记得做过某事,remember to do sth.,记得去做某事（未做）,forget,doing sth.,忘了做过某事,forget to do sth.,忘了去做某事（未做）,stop,doing sth.,停止做某事,stop to do sth.,停下来去做某事,try,doing sth.,尝试做某事,try to do sth.,尽力做某事,hear/see,sb.doing sth.,听见,/,看见某人正在做某事,hear/see sb.do sth.,听见,/,看见某人做了某事,allow,doing sth.,允许做某事,allow sb to do sth.,允许某人做某事,go on,to do sth,做完一件事，接着做另一件事,go on doing sth.,继续不停做某事,cant help,to do不能帮助做cant help doing忍不住要做,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,牢记4.部分动词既可接动名词作宾语，又可接不定式作宾语，两,15,牢记,5.,但部分动词既可接动名词作宾语，又可接不定式作宾语，两者,意义基本相同,。,接不定式多指具体的动作，接动名词多指一般或习惯行为,初中常见的如以下词：,begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer,continue,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,牢记5.但部分动词既可接动名词作宾语，又可接不定式作宾语，,16,考点三：分词,构成：分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。,现在分词,由“动词,+-ing”,构成。,过去分词,的基本形式是“动词,+-ed”,。,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,考点三：分词构成：分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由,17,分词的句法功能,01,定语,02,状语,Do you know the boy,playing,football,?,Please hand in your,written,exercise.,现在分词作定语，其,逻辑主语,就是所修饰的词；过去分词作定语，其逻辑宾语是它所修饰的词,The students went out of the classroom,talking and laughing,.,Seen from the hill,our school looks more beautiful.,分词的,逻辑主语,是句子的主语,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,分词的句法功能01定语02状语Do you know th,18,分词的句法功能,03,表语,04,宾语补足语,The news is,exciting,.,Im,interested,in the book.,现在分词,表示主语的,性质、特征,；,过去分词,表示某种,状态,Dont keep me,waiting,for a long time.,I had my hair,cut,last night.,现在分词作补足语,被修饰的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语（即,主动关系,）；,过去分词作补足语，被修饰的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语（即,被动关系,),。,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,中考复习非谓语动词,PPT,优秀课件,分词的句法功能03表语04宾语补足语The news is,19,现在分词,与,过去分词,的区别,在语态上，现在分词表示,主动,意义，过去分词表示,被动,意义。,a surprising news,令人惊讶的消息,a surprised man,一个受惊吓的人,在时间上，现在分词表示,正在进行,的动作，过去分词表示,已经完成,的动作。,the developing country,发展中国家,the de