单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,2020,届二轮复习时态语态,2020届二轮复习时态语态,1.,不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，或者需要突出或强调动作的承受者时，就要用被动语态。,2.,只有及物动词才有被动语态。但,cost,，,have,own,，,lack,，,agree with,，,suffer from,，,belong to,，,consist of,等及物动词或及物的短语动词也没有被动语态。,注意：,1.不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，或者需要突出或强调,熟读深思,My dear classmates,I am Lin Fan,chairman of student union.I,am writing,1,to draw your attention to some improper behaviour in our campus:littering and scribbling.It,has been making,2,our school dirty and unpleasant.I always,feel,ashamed,3,whenever I,see,this.It is clearly not appropriate for a student to litter and scribble about.Last week,the student union,held,4,a meeting to seek some solutions to these problems.,熟读深思 My dear classmates,We,were having,5,a heated discussion when our headmaster came and joined us.After the meeting,the headmaster said that the school,had made,6,efforts to improve this situation and more dustbins,would be placed,7,around.Recently,the student union,has set up,8,specific rules against such behaviour.At the same time,all of us should develop good habits and better behave ourselves.We believe that,with the joint efforts of both teachers and students,our school,will become,9,a more enjoyable place in the near future.,Yours faithfully,Lin Fan,We were having5 a heated dis,汉语译文：,大家好，我是学校学生会主席李帆，今天写信的目的是希望大家对校园里一些乱扔垃圾以及随意涂写等不文明的行为引起关注。这些行为严重影响着大家的学习环境。显然，作为一名学生，在校园乱扔乱涂是不对的，我也经常对某些同学的不文明行为感到羞愧。上周,学生会开会探讨一些可行措施，期间，校长也抽空加入我们的会议。会后，校长表示学校已经就改善校园环境做出努力，并承诺将在校园设置更多的垃圾箱。近期，学生会也制定了一些相关规章。同时，大家必须管理好自己并养成良好的习惯。我们相信，在全体师生的共同努力下，我们的校园环境一定会变得更好。,汉语译文：大家好，我是学校学生会主席李帆，今天写信的目的是希,1.,现在进行时，表示现在正在发生的动作。,2.,现在完成进行时，表示从过去从开始一直延续到现在并有可能继续下去的动作。,3.,一般现在时。经常性或习惯性动作。,4.,一般过去时。在过去某个时间里（,last week,上周）所发生的动作。,5.,过去进行时，在过去某一时间正在进行的动作。,熟读深思,1.现在进行时，表示现在正在发生的动作。熟读深思,6.,过去完成时，表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成了的动作，即“过去的过去”。,7.,过去将来时，表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态。另外此处主语,dustbins,为动作的承受者，所以用被动语态。,8.,现在完成时，表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。,9.,一般将来时，表示在将来某一时刻要发生的动作或存在的状态。,6.过去完成时，表示在过去某一时刻或动作之前已经完成了的动作,时态语态与高考,1.,在语法填空中，动词的时态是必考内容。其中，最有可能考的是一般过去时或者是主语是第三人称单数的一般现在时态，以及现在进行时、过去进行时和一般将来时。,被动语态是可能要考的内容，特别是一般现在时或一般过去时的被动语态。,时态语态与高考 1.在语法填空中，动词的时态是必考内容。,2.,短文改错最可能考查上下文时态不一致，也可能考被动语态漏掉,be,或过去分词拼写错误。,3.,若掌握好被动语态，在写作中适当运用，可使句子更加多样化，有时甚至会令句子更加自然、生动。,注意，在语法填空中，如括号中所给词是动词，可能是考时态语态，可能是考非谓语动词，也可能是考词类转换，要根据句子成分去判断。,2.短文改错最可能考查上下文时态不一致，也可能考被动语态漏掉,在确定谓语动词的时态时，我们可从三个方面来进行判断：,看句子中的时间状语或时间状语从句。,看上下文的谓语动词的形式。,在确定谓语动词的时态时，我们可从三个方面来进行判断：,看是否是特殊的句型。如：,was/were about to dowhendid,It is/has been+,时间段,+since,从句,(,一般过去时,),It had been+,时间段,+since,从句,(,过去完成时,),It will be+,时间段,+before,从句,(,一般现在时,),看是否是特殊的句型。如：,It/This/That is the first time that have/has done,It/This/That was the first time thathad done,Hardly had+,主语,+donewhendid,No sooner had+,主语,+donethandid,这样的句型还有很多，平时要注意积累。,It/This/That is the first ti,一、单句填空,1.The sun was setting when my car _(break)down near a remote village.,该空是,when,引导的时间状语从句主语,my car,的谓语。从句中没有时间状语或时间状语从句,但主句的谓语动词,was setting,用了过去进行时,同时此句也是一个特殊的句型：,.was/were doing.when.did.,此句型中的,when,意为,at that time,因此可判断此谓语应用一般过去时。此外,主语,my car,与谓语之间的关系是主动关系,同时主语也是单数。综合考虑可得此题答案为,broke,。,broke,灵活运用,一、单句填空该空是when 引导的时间状语从句主语my ca,2.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their natural course.Being too anxious to help an event develop often _(result)in the contrary to our intention.,空格处是主语,Being too anxious to help an event develop,的谓语,本句的状语是,often,上句的谓语,is saying,是现在进行时,可知此句谓语应用一般现在时。此外,主语与谓语,result in(,导致,),之间的关系应为主动关系,同时,主语是动名词短语,谓语动词应用单数。因此,此题答案应为：,results,。,results,2.This proverb is saying we h,3.People stepped on your feet or _(push)you with their elbows,hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.,3.,主语,people,的谓语,上文的并列谓语是,stepped,可知时态,语态与主谓一致。因此,此题的答案应为：,pushed,。,pushed,3.People stepped on your feet,4.Her mother was excited.“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking,”Jane _(inform).,was informed,后空是主语,Jane,的谓语,上文的谓语,was,是一般过去时,此外,主语,Jane,与谓语,inform(,告知,),之间的关系是被动关系,(,被,告知,),同时主语,Jane,是单数。因此,此题,答案应为：,was informed,。,4.Her mother was excited.“Yo,5.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back and then I noticed a man sitting,at the front.He _(pretend)that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.,该空是主语,He,的谓语,上句谓语是,got,found,和,noticed,本句后有并列谓语动词,giving,可知本句谓语应用过去进行时。主语与谓语应为主动关系,主语也是单数。因此,此题答案应为：,was pretending,。,was pretending,5.I got on the bus and found,6.Ill go to the library as soon as I finish what I _(do).,句意是：我一完成工作就去图书馆。由于“去图书馆”用的是一般将来时,说明要完成的工作是“现在”正在做的事情,故用现在进行时。,am doing,6.Ill go to the library as s,7.It is the most instructive lecture that I _(attend)since I came to this school.,当一个受最高级形容词修饰的名词受到定语从句的修饰时，该定语从句既可用一般过去时，也可用现在完成时，但由于其后接了一个,since,引导的时间状语从句，故空格处应填现在完成时。,have attended,7.It is the most instructive,8.In the last few years thousands of films _(produce)all over the world.,时间状语,in the last few years,通常要与现在完成时连用。,have been produced,8.In the last few years thousa,9.By the time Jack returned home from England,his son _(graduate)from college.,显然，儿子大学毕业在先,杰克返回家在后。而“返回”家用的是一般过去时（,returned,）,故儿子大学毕业要用过去完成时（,had graduated,）。,had graduated,9.By the time Jack returned h,10.Ba