单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Discovering Useful Structures,【,版本：人教册别：必修一,】,Welcome unit,Discovering Useful Structures【,1,目录页,contents,Members of a sentence,Language points,Simple sentence,Homework,I,目录页contents Members of a sent,2,Members of a sentence,Members of a sentence,3,Members of a sentence:,Think and talk,What is a sentence made up of?,主语 谓语 宾语 表语,定语,补语 状语,Members of a sentence:Think a,4,Members of a sentence:,Think and talk,The car,runs fast.,She,is kind.,Eight,is a lucky number in China.,Swimming,is my favorite.,To see,is to believe.,What we need,is time.,名词,动名词,动词不定式,代词,数词,主语从句,1.,主语,(S-subject):,表明句子说的是谁或什么情况，一般可由名词、代词、数词、动名词、动词不定式、主语从句等充当。,Members of a sentence:Think a,5,Members of a sentence:,Think and talk,2.,谓语,(V-verb),：,说明主语的动作或状态，一般由及物动词和不及物动词充当。,He,reads,a book.,The boy,likes,English.,The river,flows,.,The sun,rises,.,及物动词,及物动词,不及物动词,不及物动词,Members of a sentence:Think a,6,Members of a sentence:,Think and talk,3.,宾语,(O-object):,表示动作、行为的对象；宾语一般可由名词、代词、数词、动名词、动词不定式等充当；及物动词后称为动词宾语，介词后称为介词宾语；有些动词可接双宾语,(,即直接宾语 常指物，和间接宾语 常指人,),。,He reads,a book,.,He loves,her,.,He wants,three,.,He likes,swimming,.,She wants,to fly,.,He waits for,the chance,.,He bought,her a coat,.,名词,代词,数词,动名词,不定式,her,：间接宾语；,a coat,：直接宾语,名词,(,介宾,),Members of a sentence:Think a,7,Members of a sentence:,Think and talk,4.,系动词,(linking verb):,状态系动词，表示主语的状态、身份等。常见的系动词有：,be,动词,(am,is,are),半系动词,(stay,keep,turn,remain,get,等,),，感官系动词,(feel,smell,taste,sound,等,),。,I,am,happy.,The day,turns,long.,He,gets,angry.,He,seems,ill.,Members of a sentence:Think a,8,Members of a sentence:,Think and talk,5.,表语,(P-predicative,),：用在系动词之后,说明主语“是什么”,“,怎么样”；一般可由名词、形容词、动名词、动词不定式、代词、数词、介词短语等充当。,She is,a doctor,.,The cloth feels,soft,.,His favorite sport is,running,.,Your task is,to find out,the cost.,The helper is,him,.,The lucky number in China is,eight,.,She is,in the room,.,名词,形容词,动名词,代词,不定式,数词,介词短语,Members of a sentence:Think a,9,Members of a sentence:,Think and talk,6.,定语,(attribute),：,用来修饰或限制名词或代词的成分,;,一般可由形容词、非谓语动词、名词、数词、,冠词、介词短语等充当。,a,nice,girl,three,cups,something,to eat,a,sleeping,baby,the,burnt,food,a,cat,in the room,a,shoe,shop,形容词,现在分词,名词,不定式,数词,介词短语,过去分词,Members of a sentence:Think a,10,Members of a sentence:,Think and talk,7.,状语,(adverbial):,用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或整个句子的成分；说明时间、地点、方式、原因、结果、条件、让步、程度、频率、伴随、目的等,;,一般可由副词或介词短语充当。,walk,slowly,very,good,quite,well,He has lived there,for ten years,.,Members of a sentence:Think a,11,Members of a sentence:,Think and talk,8.,宾语补足语,(Object complement):,用来补充说明宾语的情况。,She encouraged her students,to study hard,.,He gets the floor,clean,.,He saw a bird,flying over his head,.,She thinks him,a good teacher,.,Members of a sentence:Think a,12,Simple sentence,Simple sentence,13,Can you tell the differences of these sentences?,How much do you know?,a.The mom is kind.,b.The mom is not strict.,2.a.Is the mom strict?,b.Whats the school life like?,c.Do they like English?,d.They do like English,dont they,?,a.Be careful,kids!,b.Dont watch TV so much!,4.a.How interesting the story is!,b.What a lovely person she is!,陈述句,(Declarative Sentence),疑问句,(Interrogative Sentence),祈使句,(Imperative Sentence),感叹句,(Exclamatory Sentence),Can you tell the differences o,14,Can you tell the differences of these three sentences?,How much do you know?,1.The mom is kind.The girl is lovely.,2.The mom is kind and the girl is lovely.,3.Theforeignvisitorstookalotofpictures whentheywere in,Beijing.,简单句,(Simple Sentence):,只有一个主语,(,或并列主语,),和一个谓语,(,或并列谓语,),。,并列句,(Compound Sentence):,由并列连词,(and,but,or,等,),或 分号,(;),把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。,复合句,(Complex Sentence),：,含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含,:,名词性从句,(,主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,),、,定语从句和状语从句等。,Can you tell the differences o,15,Summary,1.,按,句子的用途,可分四种,:,2.,按,句子的结构,可分三种,:,陈述句,(,肯定、否定,),疑问句,(,一般、特殊、选择、反意,),祈使句,感叹句,简单句,并列句,复合句,Summary1.按句子的用途可分四种:2.按句子的结,16,Simple sentence,The sun,was shining,.,The moon,rose,.,The universe,remains,.,We all,breathe,eat,and drink,.,Who,cares,?,What he said,does not matter,.,The pen,writes smoothly.,1.,主谓,(SV),：不及物动词,简单句的基本句型,Simple sentence The sun was s,17,Who,knows,the answer?,She,smiled,her thanks.,He,has refused,to help them.,He,enjoys,reading.,They,ate,what was left over.,He,said,“Good morning”.,I,want,to have a cup of tea.,He,admitted,that he was mistaken.,Simple sentence,2.,主谓宾,(SVO),：及物动词,简单句的基本句型,Who knows the answer?Simple,18,This,is,an English-Chinese dictionary.,The dinner,smells,good.,He,fell,in love.,Everything,looks,different.,He,is growing,tall and strong.,The trouble,is,that they are short of money.,Our well,has gone,dry.,His face,turned,red.,Simple sentence,3.,主系表,(SP),简单句的基本句型,This is an English-Chinese d,19,1.,She,ordered,herself,a new dress.,2.,She,cooked,her husband,a delicious meal.,3.,He,brought,you,a dictionary.,4.,He,denies,her,nothing.,5.,I,showed,him,my pictures.,6.,I,gave,my car,a wash.,7.,I,told,him,that the bus was late.,8.,He,showed,me,how to run the machine.,Simple sentence,4.,主谓双宾,(S V IO DO),简单句的基本句型,1.She ordered herself a new d,20,They,appointed,him,mana