单击此处编辑母版标题样式,编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/7/29,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/7/29,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/7/29,0,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/7/29,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2020/7/29,0,第五周,概要写作,第五周 概要写作,1,1.,原则,方法,5.,范文评析,3.,写作过程,4.,参考范文,2.,实战演练,CONTENTS,1.原则方法5.范文评析3.写作过程4.参考范文2.,2,Principles and Methods,原则方法,1,原则方法1,3,概要是,将,原文“浓缩”,后产生的新语篇，通过,删除原文中的细节,减少,例证,，,简化描述内容,来实现语言的,简洁性。,评分标准要求：,40,标准词数,80,涵盖,全部要点,是概要写作基本要求。,1,2,3,4,写作指导 四个原则,1.,准确性原则,3.,完整性原则,2.,简要性原则,4.,客观性原则,对原文,准确理解,是概要写作的前提。,概要是,用自己的语言,对,原文内容要点,的,概括和转述,，不是再创作，要,忠于原文,，绝对不能出现来自于,原,作者以外的其他观点。,概要是将原文“浓缩”涵盖全部要点是概要写作基本要求。1234,4,01,速读全文，,弄清文体结构,速读全文，了解文章体裁，弄清语篇结构。理解段意和文意,(,各种文体的大致结构，见下一张,PPT,),完全使用自己的语言表达,全部的内容要点,，准确使用,相应,的语法结构和词汇,，有效使用语句间的,连接成分,，使完成的概要,结构紧凑,。,根据文体结构，在文中,找到并划出主题句,，以及能体现内容要点的,关键词,。,认真,检查,、,修改,、,润色,，然后,规范誊写,到答题卡上，做到字迹工整，卷面整洁。,03,根据要点，,转换表达,02,根据,结构，,划出全部要点,04,仔细检查，,规范誊写,写作指导,四个步骤,01 速读全文，弄清文体结构 速读全文，了解文章体裁，弄清,5,体裁不同，结构不同，找要点的方法也不同,说明文,记叙文,议论文,找出记叙文的,6,要素：,何人,(who,),在何时,(when),何地,(where),因何原因,(why),做了何事,(what),，结果如何,(how),。其中，最重要的要点是,某人做了某事,。,1.,事物描述类：对象,+,结构,/,性质,+,功用,2.,问题解决类：,问题,+(,解决的,),方法,或,措施,3.,社会现象类：,现象,+,原因,+,后果,(+,措施或建议,),论点,+,论据,：,其关键在于找出,主题句,或,结论句,。若文中有,一分为二的观点，不可漏,掉其中任何一方,。,体裁不同，结构不同，找要点的方法也不同说明文记叙文议论文找,6,Writing Practice,实战演练,2,实战演练2,7,概要,写作,阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇,60词,左右的,内容概要,。,Are you sometimes,a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon,?Many people feel this way after lunch.They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness.Or,in summer,they may think it is the heat.,However,the real reason lies inside their bodies.At that time,about eight hours after you wake upyour body temperature goes down,.,This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy,.,概要阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。,8,Scientists have tested sleep habits in experiments where there was no night or day.The people in these experiments almost always followed a similar sleeping pattern.They slept for one long period and then for one short period about eight hours later.,In many parts of the world,people take naps(小睡)in the middle of the day.This is especially true in warmer climates,where the heat makes work difficult in the early afternoon.,Scientists have tested sleep h,9,Researchers are now saying that,naps are good for everyone in any climate,.A daily nap gives one a more rested body and mind and therefore is good for health in general.In countries where naps are traditional,people often suffer less from problem such as heart disease.,Researchers are now saying tha,10,Many working people,unfortunately,have no time to take naps.Though doctors may advise taking naps,employers do not allow it!If you do have the chance,however,here are a few tips,about making the most of your nap.,Remember that the best time to take a nap is about eight hours after you get up,.,A short sleep too late in the day may only make you feel more tired and sleepy afterward,.This can also happen,if you sleep for too long,.,If you do not have enough time,try a short napeven ten minutes of sleep can be helpful,.,Many working people,unfor,11,Writing Process,写作过程,3,写作过程3,12,Step1.,速读全文，,弄清文体结构,快速浏览全文，了解文章体裁，弄清语篇结构，,理解段意和文意。,文章体裁,:,“,现象,+,原因,+,结果或措施,”,型,说明文,文章结构,现象：,.,feel tired and sleepy in the early afternoon,原因：,.,about eight hours after you wake upbody temperature goes down,.,结果或措施：,.,take naps in the middle of the day,Step1.速读全文，弄清文体结构快速浏览全文，了解文章体,13,段落大意：,Paragragh 1,：,人们午后困倦的真正原因。,Paragragh 2,：,在许多地区人们在中午都有午睡习惯，尤其是在气候温暖的地区，以及午睡对任何地方的人的健康都有好处。,Paragragh 3,：,关于午睡的小贴士,午睡的最佳时间是起床后,8,个小时，不要睡得太迟，也不要睡得太久；如果没有时间睡，小睡一会，如,10,分钟也是有益的,文章大意：,本文主要介绍了人们午后困倦的原因,(,在醒来后8小时左右体温就会下降,),，午睡的好处，以及关于午睡的小贴士：午睡的最佳时间，不宜迟睡或睡得过久，小睡一会也有帮助。,段落大意：文章大意：,14,要点,1.,现象,：,Are you sometimes,a little tired and sleepy in the early afternoon,?,Many people,feel,this way,after lunch.,原因,：,.about,eight hours after you wake up,your,body temperature goes down,.,Step2.,根据,结构，,划出全部要点,根据文本结构，在文中找到并划出主题句，以及所有能体现内容要点的关键词,：,说明文跟议论文一样，,主题句一般出现在,段首,或,段尾，或转折处,(,如,however,but,in fact,等,),。,要点2.,结果或措施：,In many parts of the world,people take naps,in the middle of the day,.This is especially true,in warmer climates,.,要点1.现象：Are you sometimes a l,15,(3),If you,do not have enough time,try a short nap,even,ten minutes of sleep can be helpful,.,要点,3.,午睡的益处：,.,is good for health,.,要点,4.,关于,午睡的建议：,(1),Remember that,the best time,to take a nap is about,eight hours after you get up,.,(2),A short,sleep too late,in the day may only,make you feel more tired and sleepy,afterward.This can also happen if you,sleep for too long,.,(3)If you do not have enough,16,要点,1.,Are you sometimes,a little tired and sleepy,in the early afternoon,?,Many people,feel,this way,after lunch.,.about,eight hours,after you wake upyour,body temperature goes down,.,转换,：,Many people feel a little sleepy in the early afternoon.This is because their body temperature goes down at about eight hours after they wake up.,Step3.,根据要点，,转换表达,用,自己的语言,将所有要点一个不漏地表达出来。,要点1.Are you sometimes a littl,17,要点,2.,In many