单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2019/12/16,#,状语从句,状语从句,时间,状语从句,地点,状语从句,原因,状语从句,目的,状语从句,结果,状语从句,条件,状语从句,方式,状语从句,让步,状语从句,比较,状语从句,（一）时间状语从句,其连接词有：,when,，,while,，,before,，,after,，,since,，,till,（,until,），,as soon as,等。由这些连词引导的主从复合句中的主句和从句谓语动词发生的时间有三种情况，即,同时发生,和,先后发生,。因此在运用时间状语从句时，特别要注意主句和从句之间的时态呼应。,1.when引导的从句,有时主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，有时主句的动作在前，从句的动作在后。,如果主句用一般将来时，则从句就要用一般现在时。,Tom will go to see her,when,he has time.,It was raining,when,I left the hospital.,2.由while 引导的从句,表示正在进行某一动作时另一动作发生了；还可以表示某个动作还在进行的同时，另一个动作也在进行之中。,例如：,While,he was reading,the telephone rang,.,While my sister was watching TV,I was writing.,When,和,while,的区别,when,是,at or during the time that,既指时间点，也可指一段时间,，,while,是,during the time that,，只指一段时间,，因此,when,引导的,时间状语从句,中的动词可以是,终止性动词,，也可以是,延续性动词,，而,while,从句中的动词必须是,延续性动词,。,when,说明从句的动作和主句的动作可以是同时，也可以是先后发生,；,while,则强调主句的动作在从句动作的发生的过程中或主从句两个动作同时发生。,When,和,while,的区别,由,when,引导的,时间状语从句,，主句用,过去进行时,，从句应用,一般过去时,；如果从句和主句的动作同时发生，两句都用,过去进行时,的时候，多用,while,引导,when,和,while,还可作,并列连词,。,when,表示“在那时”,；,while,表示“而，却”，表对照关系。,用,when,或,while,填空：,1,、,_ the teacher came in,we were talking.,2,、,_ we were talking,the teacher came in.,3,、,They were singing _ we were dancing.,4,、,He is strong _ his brother is weak.,5,、,The children were running to move the bag of rice _ they heard the sound of a motor bike.,6,、,The film had already began _ I got to the cinema.,When,While,while,while,when,when,3.由before 引导的从句,在由,before,引导的从句中，一般来说主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前，主从句的动词都用过去时,。,例,如：,He didnt know little Chinese before he came to China,.,4.由after引导的从句,由,after,引导的从句表示主句的动作发生在从句之后，为了表明动作的先后顺序，这是主句的动作用一般过去时,，,而,从句的动作用过去完成时,。,有,时主从句的动词都用过去时,。,例,如：,After he had finished his homework,he went home.,5.由since引导的从句,在由,since,引导的复合句中,，,从,句动词用一般过去时,，,主,句动词用现在完成时,。,例,如：,I havent seen him since he got a job.,注意：在英语里，有一些,非延续性,的动词，他们只是一瞬间就结束的动作，如：,come,go,arrive,reach,see,hear,close,leave,begin,start,lose,buy,fall,join,die,get up,等,，,用,It is since,的句型,来,表,达目前存在的一种状,态。,例,如：,Its a week since he came back,.,6.till（until）引导的从句,（,1,）,如果主句和从句都用肯定形式，表示,“,直到,”,这一动作直到,until,才结束,。,例,如,：,They,worked until it was too late.,（,2,）,如果主句用否定形式,，,从,句用肯定形式，表示,“,直,到,才,”,，并且主句的谓语动词为,非延续性动词,如：,leave,start,come,see,go to bed,等，表示这一动作直到,until,才开始发,生。,例,如,：,I didnt know it until you told me,.,（,3,）,当主句为一般将来时时，,until,引导的从句用,一般现在时,代替,一般将来时,。,例,如,：,Please,dont get off the bus until it stops,.,（,4,）,notuntil,的句式可以转化成,when,或,after,引导的时间状语从句，但主句必须用肯定式。,例如,：,They didnt go home until the rain stopped,.,=,They went home after the rain stopped.,7.由as soon as 引导的从句,（,1,）,主句用,一般将来时,，,从句用,一般现在时,。,（,2,）,主句用,一般过去时,，,从句用,过去完成时,。,一般情况下,，从句也用一般过去时。,例如：,Ill write to you as soon as I get there.,1.Ill let you know _ he comes back.A.before,B.because,C.as soon as,D.although,2.I learned a little Russian _ I was at middle school.A.though,B.although,C.as if,D.when,3._ we got to the station,the train had left already.A.If,B.Unless,C.Since,D.When,4._ the rain stops,we11 set off for the station.A.Before,B.Unless,C.As soon as,D.Though,5.Ill stay here _ everyone else comes back.A.even if,B.as though,C.because,D.until,C,D,D,C,D,6.I didnt manage to do it _ you had explained how.,A.until,B.unless,C.when,D.before7._ I catch a cold,I have pain in my back.A.Every time,B.Though,C.Even,D.Where8.They didnt start the work _ their teacher came back.A.until,B.while,C.as soon as,D.if9,What was the party like?,Wonderful.Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much.A.after,B.when,C.before,D.since10.It was not _ she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star.A.when;that,B.until;that,C.until;when,D.when;then,A,A,A,D,B,11.He will come to call on you the moment he _ his painting.A.will finish,B.finished,C.has finished,D.had finished12.The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in.A.went not;until,B.didnt go;after C.went;until,D.didnt go;until13.I wont believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes.A.before,B.until,C.after,D.when14.He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday.A.didnt go;until;with,B.wasnt go;after;to,C.doesnt go;before;with,D.didnt go;until;to,C,D,B,A,（二）原因状语从句,其连接词为,because,since,as,等。,1,.,由,because,引导的原因状语从句，直接明白地说明因果关系，语气最强，它引导的从句一般位于主句之后。,注意：,（,1,）回答用,why,提出的问题需用,because,回答。,（,2,）,because,不能与并列连词,so,连用,。,正：,Because I had seen the film,I didnt go to the cinema last night.,正：,I didnt go to the cinema because I had seen the film.,误：,Because I had seen the film,so I didnt go to the cinema last night.,2.,as,用来表明比较明显的原因和理由，（,由于、既然,），这种原因一般是大家都知道的，其从句位于主句之前。,As he was very busy,we went to the cinema without him.,3.,since,用来表示比较勉强的理由和原因，意为,“,既然,”,。例如：,Since everybody makes mistakes in life,Mr.Smith gave John a chance.,4.,另外由,because,引导的原因状语从句，可以由,because of,短语换成简单句。,We didnt go out because it was raining.=We didnt go out because of the rain.,（,三）条件状语从句,1.,引导条件状语从句的连接词有,if,unless,。如果主句用,一般将来时,，从句应用,一般现在时,。例如：,She will pass the exam if she works harder.,If you do well in maths,you can learn other subjects well.,2,.,注意判定,if,引导的从句是宾语从句还是状语从句。在英语里，,if,既能引导宾语从句又能引导状语从句。这,要看主句中的谓语动词是及物动词还是不及物动词,。,例如：,Could you tell me