,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Click to edit Master title style,*,LOGO,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,汉英笔译根底教程,Basics of Chinese to English Translation,第3章 语言与文体,文学文体的翻译,I,科技文体的翻译,II,新闻文体的翻译,III,文学文体的翻译,许渊冲：“文学翻译家要像画家一样使人如历其境，像音乐家一样使人如闻其声，像演员一样使观众如见其人。,文学文体翻译本卷须知：,1透彻理解原作,2把握原文的风格,3了解双语的社会文化背景,小说的翻译,1作品风格的再现,2小说人物的刻画,一语未了，只听后院中有人笑声，说：“我来迟了，不曾迎接远客!黛玉纳罕道：“这些人个个皆敛声屏气，恭肃严整如此，这来者系谁，这样放诞无礼?曹雪芹?红楼梦?,小说的翻译,【译文1】Just then they heard peals of laughter from the back courtyard and a voice cried:“Im late in greeting our guest from afar!Daiyu thought with surprise,“The people here are so respectful and solemn;they all seem to be holding their breath.Who can this be,so boisterous and pert?(杨宪益 戴乃迭 译),【译文2】She had scarcely finished speaking when someone could be heard talking and laughing in a very loud voice in the inner courtyard behind them.“Oh dear!Im late,said the voice.“Ive missed the arrival of our guest.“Everyone else around here seems to go about with bated breath,thought Dai-yu.“Who can this new arrival be?who is so brash and unmannerly?(霍克斯 译),散文的翻译,在翻译散文时，要特别注意准确传达原文中作者所抒发的真情实感，再现原文清新自然地语言风格。,“大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等,“Equal are the gifts granted by nature to all human individuals,whether they are wealthy or impoverished,“Nature favors everyone alike,rich or poor。,诗歌的翻译,诗不可译“,李白,床前明月光，疑是地上霜，,举头望明月，低头思故土。,诗歌的翻译,【译文,1,】,In the Quiet Night,So bright a gleam on the foot of my bed,Could there have been a frost already?,Lifting my head to look,I found that it was moonlight,Sinking back again,I thought suddenly of home.,(Witter Bynner,译,),诗歌的翻译,【译文,2,】,Before my bed a pool of light,O can it be frost on the ground?,Looking up,I find the moon bright;,Bowing,in homesickness Im drowned.,(,许渊冲 译,),戏剧的翻译,戏剧语言的口语化,孙二爷：这号生意又不小吧？,刘麻子：也甜不到哪儿去，弄好了，赚个元宝！,【译文1】,SECOND ELDER SONG:I expect youre making a bit on this deal?,POCKFACE LIU:Not all that much.But if it goes through Ill make a silver ingot.,霍华德 译,【译文2】,Song:Another big deal?,Pock-Mark Liu:Not so big.If all goes well,I may get about twenty taels of silver.,英假设诚 译,戏剧的翻译,戏剧语言的个性化,鲁贵,:(,咳嗽起来,),他妈的,!(,兴奋地问着,),你们想,你们哪一个对得起我,?(,向四凤同大海,),你们不要不愿意听,你们哪一个不是我辛辛苦苦养到大,?,可是现在你们哪一件事做的对得起我,?(,对大海,),你说,?(,对四凤,),你说,?(,对着站在中间圆桌子旁的鲁妈,),你也说说,这都是你的好孩子啊,?,LuGui(Coughing):God almighty!(Heatedly)Just look at you.Theres not one of you can look me in the face!,(Turning to Dahai and Sifeng)Its no good you pretending not to hear,either.Ive worked my fingers to the bone to bring you two up,both of you,but what have either of you ever done to show your gratitude?(To Dahai)Eh?(To Sifeng)Answer me that!(To LuMa,who is standing by the round table in the center)Or perhaps you can tell me,seeing that theyre your precious children?,(,王佐良 译,),戏剧的翻译,戏剧语言的表演性,康六:刘大爷,把女儿给太监作老婆,我怎么对得起人呢?,Kang Liu:But Master Liu,please,how could I ever face my daughter again if I sold her to be the wife of eunuch?,选自?茶馆?，英假设诚译,科技文体的翻译,科技词汇,This medicine acts well on the heart,这种药对心脏的疗效很好。,他是一位全能输血者。,He is the universal(blood)donor.,在治疗过程中，医生必须能抓住精神病人的心里特点。,During the therapy,the doctor has to be able to understand the psychological characteristics of the mental patient.,科技文体的翻译,句法特点,1大量使用名词化结构,中国已成功地发射了第一颗试验通讯卫星。这颗卫星是由三级火箭推动的，一直运转正常。它标志着我国在开展运载工具和电子技术方面进入了一个新阶段。,The successful launching of Chinas first experimental communication satellite,which was propelled by a three-stage rocket and has been in operation ever since,indicates that our nation has entered a new stage in the development of carrier rockets and electronics.,科技文体的翻译,2广泛使用被动语句,在物体上作用另一个力，可以改变物体的运动方向。,The direction of the motion can be changed by the action of another force on a body.,自从采用数控以来，生存率大大提高了。,Since numerical control was applied to machine tools,the productivity has been raised greatly.,科技文体的翻译,3 长句使用较多,为了解释光学现象，人们曾试图假定有一种具有与弹性固体相同的物理性质的介质。这种尝试的结果，最初曾使人们了解到一种能传输横向振动的具有上述假定所认为的那种物理性质的发光介质。,The efforts that have been made to explain optical phenomena by means of the hypothesis of a medium having the same physical character as an elastic solid body led,in the first instance,to the understanding of a concrete example of a medium which can transmit transverse vibrations,and at a later stage to the definite conclusion that there is no luminiferous medium having the physical character assumed in the hypothesis.,科技文体的翻译,4 广泛使用非限定动词,在说明这一理论之前，必须首先答复以下问题。这是我们理解这一理论的必要前提。,Before elucidating this theory,we must first answer the following questions,which is the essential prerequisite for understanding it.非谓语动词形式,带电体要变成中性的这种倾向，通过吸引电子或排斥电子，对电子产生一定的作用力。,This tendency of charged objects to become neutralized results in a certain force which acts on the electrons by either attracting them towards or repelling them away from the charged objects.短句合并为长句；非谓语动词形式,新闻文体的翻译,新闻词语的翻译,1)新词新译法,白条 IOU receipt,暗箱操作 under-the-counter activities,网络犯罪 cybercrime,网络空间 cyberspace,网上购物 shopping online,购置力 purchasing power,应试教育 exam-oriented education,第三者插足 be a cuckoo