,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,中考语法复习,冠 词,中考语法复习冠 词,1,冠词考点及复习要点,冠词的考查以,固定结构,和,习惯用语,为主,结合考查一些,基本规则,。所以我们在复习中要注重教材中的,语言点,的整理,同时对下面的冠词,规则,也要引起重视。,1、不定冠词的用法比较;,2、定冠词的习惯用法;,3、零冠词的用法;,4、在习惯用语中冠词的用法。,冠词考点及复习要点,2,冠词是,虚词,,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在,名词的前面,,,帮助指明名词的含义,。英语中的冠词有三种,一种是,定冠词,(the Definite Article),,另一种是,不定冠词,(the Indefinite Article),,还有一种是,零冠词,(Zero Article)。,冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词的前,3,一、不定冠词,不定冠词,a(an)与数词one 同源,是“一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前,而an则用于元音音素前。,1),表示“一个”,,意为,one,;指某人或某物,意为,a certain,。,A.Mr.Ling is waiting for you.,一、不定冠词,4,2),代表一类人或物。,A knife is a tool for cutting with.Mr.Smith is an engineer.,3),词组或成语。,a little/a few/a lot/in a hurry/,in a minute/in a word/after a while/,have a cold/have a try,2)代表一类人或物。A knife is a tool,5,不定冠词的用法,考题点击1,The Wilsons live in _ A-shaped house near the coast.It is _ 17,th,century cottage.,A.the,/B.an,the,C./,the D.an,a,D,不定冠词的用法D,6,考题点击2,Mrs.Taylor has _ 8-year-old daughter who has _ gift for paintingshe has won two national prizes.(05浙江卷),Aa;a Ban;the Can;a Dthe;a,C,考题点击2C,7,二、定冠词,定冠词the,与指示代词,this,that,同源,有“那(这)个”的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。,1)特指双方都明白的人或物:,Take the medicine.,把药吃了。,二、定冠词,8,2)上文提到过的人或事:,He bought a house.Ive been to,the house.,3)指世上独一物二的事物:,the sun,the sky,,the moon,the earth,2)上文提到过的人或事:He bought a ho,9,4),与单数名词连用表示一类事物:,如:,the dollar,美元;,the fox,狐狸;,或,与形容词或分词连用,表一类人:,the rich,富人;,the living,生者。5)用,在序数词,和,形容词最高级,,及形容,词,only,very,same,等前面:,I live on the second floor.,Thats the very thing Ive looked for.,4)与单数名词连用表示一类事物:,10,6)表示所有,相当于物主代词,,用在表示,身体部位的,名词前:,She caught me by the arm.,7)用在,某些,由普通名词构成的国,家名称、机关团体、阶级、等,专有名词,前:,the Peoples Republic of China,the United States,6)表示所有,相当于物主代词,,11,8)用在表示,乐器,的名词之前:,She plays the piano,.,9)用在,姓氏的复数名词,之前,表,示一家人:,the Greens,格林一家人(或格林夫妇),8)用在表示乐器的名词之前:,12,10)用在,习惯用语,中:,in the day,in the morning;,the day after tomorrow;the day before yesterday;,the next morning;in the sky(field,country);in the dark;in the rain;,in the distance;in the end;in the middle(of);,by the way;go to the theatre,10)用在习惯用语中:in the day,i,13,特指双熟悉,上文已提及;,世上独无二,,序数最高级;,某些专有名,乐器及习语。,特指双熟悉,上文已提及;,14,定冠词的用法,考题点击1,As a rule,domestic servants doing odd jobs are paid _.,A.by the hour B.by hour,C.by an hour D.by hours,A,定冠词的用法A,15,考题点击2,On May 5,2005,at _World,Table Tennis Championship,Kong,Linghui and Wang Hao won,the gold medal in mens doubles,with _ score of 4:1.,A.a;a B.不填;the,C.a;不填 D.the;a,D,考题点击2D,16,考题点击3,This book tells _ life story of John Smith,who left _ school and worked for a newspaper,at the age of 16.,Athe;the Ba;the,Cthe;不填 Da;不填,C,考题点击3C,17,三、零冠词,1),国名,人名,前通常不用定冠词:,England,Mary,2),泛指的复数名词,,表示一类人或事,物时,可不用定冠词;,They are teachers.,三、零冠词,18,3),抽象名词,表示一般概念时,通常不,加冠词;,Failure,is the mother of,success,.,失败乃成功之母,4),物质名词,表示一般概念时,通常不,加冠词,当表示特定的意思时,需,要加定冠词;,Man cannot live without water.,3)抽象名词表示一般概念时,通常不,19,5)在,季节、月份、节日、假日、日,期、星期,等表示时间的名词之,前,不加冠词;,I go to school from Monday to Friday.,6)在,称呼,或表示,官衔、职位,的名词,前不加冠词;,The guards took the American to,General Lee.,5)在季节、月份、节日、假日、日,20,7)在,三餐饭,、,球类,运动和,娱乐运动,的名称前,不加冠词:,have breakfast,play chess,但如果,三餐饭,的名词前有,形容词,修饰,则需要加冠词。,have a,big,breakfast,7)在三餐饭、球类运动和娱乐运动,21,8)当,by,与火车等交通工具连用,表示,一种方式时,中间无冠词;,by bus,by train;,9)有些个体名词不用冠词;如:,school,college,hospital,bed,,class,town,等,个体名词,直接置于,介词后,表示该名词的深层含义,;,go to hospital,去医院看病,go to the hospital,去医院(并不一定去看病),8)当by 与火车等交通工具连用,表示,22,10),不用冠词的序数词,;a.序数词前有,物主代词,b.序数词作,副词,He came first in the race.,c.在,固定词组,中,at first,first of all,10)不用冠词的序数词;a.序数词前有物主代词 b,23,下列情况应免冠,代词限定名词前;,专有名词不可数,学科球类三餐饭;,复数名词表种类,两节星期月份前;,颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔。,下列情况应免冠,代词限定名词前;,24,零冠词的用法,考题点击1,If you go by _ train,you can have quite a comfortable journey,but make sure you get _ fast one.,Athe;the B不填;a,Cthe;a D不填;不填,B,在由介词 by 加表示交通方式的名词短语中,不用冠词。但如果 by 不表示交通方式,而表示地理位置,就需要加冠词了。如:by sea 乘船;by the sea 在海边,零冠词的用法B在由介词 by 加表示交通方式的名词短语中,不,25,考题点击2,It is often said that _ teachers have _ very easy life.,A.不填;不填 B.不填;a,C.the,不填D.the,a,B,teachers 是复数名词,用来表示类属,不加冠词。只有在特定范围内的复数名词前才加冠词。“have a life”是一个习惯短语,表示“过着的生活”。,考题点击2Bteachers 是复数名词,用来表示类属,不加,26,考题点击3,The warmth of _ sweater will of,course be determined by the sort of _wool used.,A.the;the B.the;/C./;the D./;/,B,sweater 的保暖性能取决于使用哪一种类型的羊毛。the 加单数名词 sweater 表示一种类型;而羊毛是物质名词,表示类属的物质名词不加冠词。,考题点击3Bsweater 的保暖性能取决于使用哪一种类型的,27,不定冠词的位置,考题点击1,_ role she played in the film!No wonder she has won an Oscar.,A.How interesting,B.How an interesting,C.What interesting,D.What an interesting,D,不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。但位于下列形容词之后:such,what,many,half,如:I have never seen such an animal.Many a man is fit for the job.,不定冠词的位置D不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。但位于下列,28,考题点击2,We were in _ when we left,that we forgot the airline tickets.,A.a rush so anxious,B.a such anxious rush,C.so an anxious rush,D.such an anxious rush,D,当名词前的形容词被副词 as,so,too,how,however,enough修饰时,不定冠词应放在形容词之后:It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent.so short a time too long a distance,考题点击2D当名词前的形容词被副词 as,so,to,29,定冠词的位置,考题点击1,He did it _ it took me.,A.one-third a time B.one-third time,C.the one-third time,D.one-third the time,D,定冠词通常位于名词或名词