,宾语从句,Howmuchdoyouknowabouttheobjectiveclause?,宾语从句Howmuchdoyouknowabouttheob,1,什么是宾语从句,宾语从句的语序,宾语从句的时态,宾语从句的连接词,什么是宾语从句宾语从句的语序宾语从句的时态宾语从句的连接词,2,什么是宾语,Ilike,myteacher,.（名词作宾语),Ienjoy,playingbasketball,.(动名词作宾语）,Idecide,tostudyhard,.（不定式作宾语）,Iknow,him,.（代词作宾语）,宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。,宾语由名词、代词、不定式,或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。,什么是宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。,3,我们知道,姚明,Weknow,YaoMing,我们知道他,是,一个著名的篮球运动员,Weknow,宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语，并有一个连接词引导。,一什么是宾语从句？,试比较,宾,o,宾,o,主,s,谓,v,he,is,afamousbasketballplayer,主,s,谓,v,宾,o,that,连接词,我们知道他,是,一个著名的篮球运动员,谓,v,主,s,我们知道姚明我们知道他是一个著名的篮球运动员宾语从句就是由一,4,有哪些句子可以做宾语？,1,，陈述句,，,heisafamousbasketballplayer,2,一般疑问句,，,Willourteachersattendthemeeting,？,3，,特殊疑问句,，,whichcoatdidyouprefer?,有哪些句子可以做宾语？1，陈述句，heisafamousba,5,一、连,接,词（引导词）,1.当宾语从句是陈述句时（包括肯定句和否定,句），连词由,that,引导，因为that在从句中不作,任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，因此在口语,或非正式文体中常省略,LinTaofeels,(that),hisownteamisevenbetter.,Shesays,(that),shewonttakepartinthesportsmeeting,nextSunday.,Jimthought,(that),thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty.,Hesaid,(that),hewouldliketoseetheheadmaster.,一、连接词（引导词）LinTaofeels(that)his,6,在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,sure,afraid,glad等）作表语时，后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句,Imsorry,(that),Idontknow.,Weresure,(that),ourteamwillwin.,Imafraid,(that),hewontpasstheexam.,在主句为动词be加某些形容词（如sorry,sure,afr,7,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,e.g.,Ihear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）,Hesaid(that)_.（他非常想念我们）,Theteachertoldus(that)_.,（地球围着太阳转）,hewillbebackinanhour,hemissedusverymuch,theearthmovesaroundthesun,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句e.g.hewillbeba,8,练一练,1.Thisisabook.,2.Youlikesinging.,3.Heworkedlastnight.,4.Theywillgohome.,5.JimhasbeentoBeijing.,6.Shesingswell.,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:,1.Iknow,2.Shesays,3.Tellyourfriend,（that）,练一练1.Thisisabook.用以下开头与下列句子连成宾,9,一般疑问句做宾语,我问他,是否,想去游泳,1,改为陈述句语气，,2，用if/whether连接,Iask,Doeshewanttogoswim,ming,?,hewantstogoswim,ming,If/whether,Iask,一般疑问句做宾语我问他是否想去游泳1,改为陈述句语气，Ias,10,（一）宾语从句的语序,句子的两种语序:,1.陈述句结构叫,陈述语序,2疑问句结构叫,疑问语序,宾语从句必须用,_,陈述语序,Thereis,ashopnearhere.,Isthere,ashopnearhere?,（一）宾语从句的语序句子的两种语序:宾语从句必须用_,11,练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序：,1.Isthereabanknearhere?,2.IsitonFifthAvenue?,3.Aretheydoinghomework?,Thereis,abanknearhere,Itis,onFifthAvenue,Theyare,doinghomework,练习：将下列句子改成陈述句语序：Thereisabankne,12,4.Doessheworkinahospital?,5.DidyougotoCenterPark?,6.Dowehavetowearauniform?,shework,s,inahospital,you,went,toCenterPark,wehavetowearauniform,wecanwearhatsinschool,7.Canwewearhatsinschool?,sheworksinahospitalyouwenttoCe,13,由,if,或,whether,引导的宾语从句。,If,和,whether,在句中的意思是“,是否,”。例如：,Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.,Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.,一般疑问句做宾语,由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在,14,注意,：,以,下情况只用whether，不用if。,1.whether,引导的从句常可以与,连词,or,或,ornot,直接连用。如：,Letmeknow,whether,youcancome,ornot,.,Letmeknowifyoucancomeornot.,2.,当宾语从句提到,句首,时，只能用,whether,引导。如：,Whether,itistrueornot,Icanttell.,Ifitistrueornot,Icanttell.,注意：以下情况只用whether，不用if。,15,3.whether,可以引导带,to,的不定式。如：,Idontknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.,Idontknowiftoacceptorrefuse,.,4.whether,及其引导的成分可放于介词之后，作介词的宾语。如：,IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.,IworryaboutifIhurtherfeelings.,注意,：,以,下情况只用whether，不用if。,3.whether可以引导带to的不定式。如：注意：以下情况,16,练一练,1.Ishereading?,2.Doyougetupatsix?,3.DoesTomworkhard?,4.DidyouwatchTV?,5.Willtheyreadbooks?,6.Canyousing?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:,1.Doyouknow,2.Iwanttoknow,3.Theteacherasks,if/whether,练一练1.Ishereading?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾,17,我想知道你最喜欢那一条领带,？,特殊疑问句做宾语,我想知道你最喜欢那一条领带？特殊疑问句做宾语,18,特殊疑问句做宾语,Whichcoatdidyoulikebest?,Iwonder,whichcoatyoulikebest,.,用疑问引导，改为陈述语气,。,我想知道你最喜欢哪一条领带？,Whichtiedoyoulikebest,？,特殊疑问句变成陈述语序,连接词就是疑问词本身,Iwonder,Iwonder,ATTENTION,whichtieyoulikebest?,特殊疑问句做宾语Whichcoatdidyoulikebes,19,8.Where,syourpenpalfrom?,9.Wheredoeshelive?,10.Whatlanguagedoesshespeak?,11.Whydoyoulikepandas?,Whereyourpenpal,is,from,Wherehe,lives,Whatlanguageshe,speaks,Whyyoulikepandas,8.Wheresyourpenpalfrom?Wherey,20,Doyouknowwhere_from?(he,come),Canyoutellmewhich_tothepark?(beway),hecomes,i,stheway,hecomesistheway,21,练一练,Whatisthis?,Whatareyoudoing?,Wheredoyoulive?,Whendoeshegetup?,Howdidyougotowork?,Whowillyouplaywith?,用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:,1.Doyouknow,2.Iwanttoknow,3.Canyoutellme,练一练Whatisthis?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句,22,四.宾语从句中时态的变化,I,hear,(that),Jim,_,(be)aworkertwoyearsago.,Jim(be)anEnglishteachernow.,Jim,(,cook)dinnertomorrow.,Jim,(,sing)apopularsongnow.,Jim,(,be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim,(,play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.,Jim(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.,填一填,was,is,willcook,issinging,hasbeen,wasplaying,hadlearned,1.当主句是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态不作限制，我们可以根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。,（,需要性原则,）,四.宾语从句中时态的变化Ihear(that)Jim_,23,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某一种时态，,从而达到主句和从句的相互一致。（,呼应性原则,）,1)He,willgo,toHongKong.,2)He,is,sick.,3)He,isreading,abook.,4)He,hasfinished,hiswork.,1)He,_,HongKong,.,2)He,_,sick.,3)He,_,abook.,4)He,_,He,said,辨一辨,wouldgo,was,wasreading,hiswork.,hadfinished,2.当主句是一般过去时的时候，宾语从句必须运用相应的过去的某,24,确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),主句时态,从句时态,连接前,连接后,一般现在时,时态保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,确定从句的时态(根据主句时态)主句时态从句时态连接前连接后一,25,3.,当宾语从句说明的是客观存在的事实或者是客观存在的真理时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍是用一般现在时态。（,特殊性原则,）,ATTENTION,He,told,me,(that),SummerafterSpring,.,is,I,wastold,(that),thesun