单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,阅读理解技巧之猜测词意,阅读理解技巧之,1,If,you come across the new words or phrases when reading,What will you do,?,What difficulty do you have in reading?,If you come across the new wor,2,1.Ignore,(忽略）,them,and continue reading,2.Look them up in the dictionary,3.Guess,the meaning,1.Ignore(忽略）them 2.Look them,3,How to guess the meanings of words or,phrases in reading comprehension,？,How to guess the meanings of w,4,W,ays,to,G,uess the,W,ords,一.,Definition,(定义法),二.,Context,（上下文）,三.,Word-formation,（构词法）,四.,Examples,（例子）,五.,Common sense,（常识）,Ways to Guess the Words一.Def,5,一、Definition 定义法：,一般通过定义、定语从句/词组或同位语从句/词组来确定词义或利用文章中用不同的话对同一概念的解释，猜测词义。信号词：,be,be called,means,be defined as，,is;was;that is;thats to say;namely;,等等，,一、Definition 定义法：,6,从后面的解释中，我们可以了解到brittle是“,易碎的，脆的,”的意思,It will be very hard but very,brittle,that is,it will break easily.,Sample I,从后面的解释中，我们可以了解到brittle是“易碎的，,7,The,herdsman,who,looks after sheep,earns about 650 yuan a year.,定语从句中looks after sheep就表明了herdsman的词义为“,牧羊人,”,。,Sample II,The herdsman,who look,8,二.Context,对比关系,Contrast,同义、近义、反义关系,synonym,similarity,antonym,因果关系,Cause and effect,二.Context对比关系 Contrast,9,能体现对比关系的词汇很多，主要有,but,yet,however,while,unlike,instead,on the other hand,on the contrary,in contrast with,等。标点符号分号有时也可表示对比。,1.对比关系,能体现对比关系的词汇很多，主要有but,yet,10,2.,John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things,his wife,however,is very,abstemious,.,go on,1.,Though,Toms face has been washed quite clean,his neck still remains,grubby,.,肮脏的,邋遢的,有节制的,节约的,Sample I,2.John usually wastes a lot o,11,2.同义、近义、反义关系,同义词替换的表达方法可以为我们推测词义提供明显的语境线索。一些常见的引出同义词的标志性词语有,or,like,similar,等。,反义词利用文章中所出现的、与某生词或词组意思相反的内容，猜测词义。信号词中有,instead,but,not,等,2.同义、近义、反义关系 同义词替换的表达方法,12,go on,2：American businessmen expect employees to be,punctual,.They do not expect that the workers will come late.,文中be punctual的意思，可理解为“not come late”，即“准时，不迟到”。,1.Mr Smith loves to talk,and his wife is similarly,loquacious,.,显然，similarly 是个语境线索，它暗示loquacious意为love to talk。,Sample II,go on2：American businessmen,13,3.因果关系,信号词：如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result,so that,such that，,therefore等表示前因后果,3.因果关系信号词：如because，as，since，fo,14,e.g.Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length,because,it is very,elastic,.,e.g.All his attempts to unlock the door was,futile,because,she was using the wrong key.,弹性的,Sample III,徒劳的,e.g.Rubber can be made to str,15,With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and,unconditional,love,dogs can provide the,nonjudgmental,listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence.,(2003NMET),With their shining brown,16,unconditional:,无条件的,绝对的 adj.,condition,condition,al,情况，条件 n.,有条件的 adj.,un,condition,al,:,prefix,(前缀）,base word,(词根）,suffix,（后缀）,unconditional:无条件的,condition c,17,nonjudgmental,:,没有判断力的,judge,judg,ment,judg,ment,al,判断 v.,判断 n.,adj,.,non,judg,ment,al,:,nonjudgmental:没有判断力的judge judg,18,中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有:,super-(超)mini-（极小的，微小的）,micro-（极微小的）re-（再，反复）,mis-（误，恶）im-（不）,un-（不，非）in-（不，非）,non-（不，非）-able（能的）,-less（不，无）-wards(向),三.Word-formation,根据构词法：派生（前缀、后缀）、合成等,中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有:三.Word-formati,19,superman,(超人),nonnatural,(非自然的),homeless,(无家可归的),rebuild,(重建),microwave,(微波),informal,(非正式的),mispronounce,(发错音),nonsmoker,(非烟民),eastwards,(向东),Can you guess the following words?,superman informalCan you guess,20,1.,We must,safeguard,the world peace.,A protect,B care,C prevent,D to keep safe with guns,2.Dont listen to his,nonsense,.,A having no meaning,B meaningless words,C humorous speech,D not making sense,A,B,维护,保护,捍卫,胡说,废话,合成词,1.We must safeguard the worl,21,四、Example 例举法：利用文中的举例猜测词义。常见的举例的提示词有for instance,for example,such as 等。,Today young couples often spend lots of their money on,appliances,for instance,washing-machine,refrigerators and color televisions.,家用电器,四、Example 例举法：利用文中的举例猜测词义。常见的举,22,e.g.On the farm they mainly raise,poultry,such as chickens,ducks and geese,for their eggs and meat.,家禽,Sample I,e.g.On the farm they mainly r,23,2:,When you throw a stone into still water of a lake,you will watch,a,ripple,spread in rings on the surface of water.,五.Common sense,波纹，细浪,1.In old days,when girls from rich families were married to their husbands,they expected to bring with themselves a large quantity of,dowry,.,嫁妆,2:When you throw a stone int,24,Practice makes perfect,Practice练习,Practice makes perfectPractice,25,Can you guess the correct meanings of the following words?,-,1.There are some,glaciers,moving down the mountain valleys.A,glacier,is a river of ice.,A 雪山 B 树枝 C 冰河 D 冰,2.He is a,resolute,man.Once he made up his mind to do something,he wont give it up halfway.,A weak B firm C kind D clever,3.Mr.Brown is now working at Princeton University far away from home.For this reason he has to,rent,a room near the office where he works.,A 租用 B 借出 C 购买 D 参观,C,B,A,Can you guess the correct,26,4.Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl.But her sister was quite,sedate,.,A.pretty B.calm C.protective D.energetic,5.Those new comers were not used to the life in the,s