单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,The infinitive,The infinitive,1,本节课重点提要,1.,不定式的基本形式和否定形式,2.,不定式的时态和语态,3.,不定式的基本用法,4.,不带,to,的不定式,本节课重点提要1.不定式的基本形式和否定形式,2,They advised me,to give up,smoking.,He promised,to take care of,the poor child.,I warn them,not to go out,alone.,She decided,not to be,late again.,不定式的基本形式是由,“,to+,动词原形”,构成，其否定形式是,not to do.,笔记要点1,Step 1,基本形式和否定形式,They advised me to give up smo,3,请看例句：,They invited us,to go,there this summer.,They seemed,to be talking,about,something secret.,Im sorry,to have done,that.,请看例句：They invited us to go the,4,Step 2,(1),不定式的一般形式所表示的动作，通常与谓语的,动作（状态）,同时发生,.,Eg.,They invited us,to go,there this summer.,(2),如果谓语表示的动作（情况）发生时，不定式表示的动作,正在进行,，这时不定式就要用,进行式。,Eg.,They seemed,to be talking,about,something secret.,(3),如果不定式的动作发生在谓语动词,之前,，就要用,完成式。,Eg.,Im sorry,to have done,that.,不定式的时态和语态,笔记要点2,Step 2(1)不定式的一般形式所表示的动作，通常与谓语的,5,Im very delighted,to be invited,to Marys birthday party.,Im pleased,to have been given,this chance.,如果不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式要用,被动形式,.,笔记要点3,Im very delighted to be invit,6,语态,时态,主动语态,被动语态,一般时,to do,to be done,进行时,to be doing,无,完成时,to have done,to have been done,小 结,语态主动语态被动语态一般时to do to be d,7,Step 3,不定式的用法,(1),作主语,eg.1)It is right,to give up smoking.,不定式短语作主语时，用it 作形式主语,，真正的主语后置。,(2),作宾语,不定式短语可以作宾语,，,以下动词后，跟不定式作宾语,eg.1)He wanted,to go.,agree,decide,expect,fail,help,hope,manage,offer,plan,prepare,pretend,promise,refuse,wish,(构成,V.+to do,的形式,),Step 3 不定式的用法(1)作主语eg.1)It,8,I find it interesting to work with him.,如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后，而用it 作形式宾语。类似的动词还有()等,(构成,主语+V.+it+宾补+to do sth.,的形式),feel,think,consider,make,believe,I find it interesting to work,9,(3),作宾语补足语,eg.He asked me,to do the work with him,.,在,feel,hear,listen to,look at,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make,等词后的补足语中，不定式不带,to,。但,是这些句子如果变成被动结构时，就必须带,to,。,Eg.I often hear him,sing the song.,He is often heard,to sing the song.,注意,allow,ask,advise,encourage,expect,forbid,force,get,would like,order,permit,persuade,teach,tell,want,warn,wish,(构成,“V.+Sb.+to do”,的形式,),(3)作宾语补足语eg.He asked me to d,10,不定式动词在介词,but,except,besides,后面时，如果这些介词之前有行为动词,do,的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带,to,否则要带,to,。,Eg.1)She could,do,nothing but,cry.,2)I have no choice but,to go,.,注意,不定式动词在介词but,except,besides,11,(4),作定语,Eg.I have some books for you,to read,.,作定语的不定式如果是,不及物动词,，不定式后面须有相应的,介词,。,Eg.He is looking for a room to,live,in.,There is nothing to,worry,about.,Please give me a knife to,cut,with.,注意,(4)作定语 Eg.I have some books f,12,(5),作状语,表示目的、原因、结果,Eg.I came here,to see you,.,We were very excited,to hear the news,.,He hurried to the school,to find nobody there,.,(,目的,),(,原因,),(,结果,),(5)作状语,表示目的、原因、结果 Eg.I ca,13,目的状语还可以用,in order to,或,so as to,来表示。,Eg.1),In order to pass the exam,he worked very,hard.,2)We ran all the way,so as not to be late,.,(6),作表语。,Eg.My job is,to help the patient,.,目的状语还可以用 in order to 或 so as,14,动词不定式省略,to,的情况归纳,*,1,当动词不定式作宾语补足语时，如动词是,make,let,have,或,look at,see,watch,observe,hear,listen to,feel,、等，不定式不带,to.,*2.,在下列结构后,had better,would rather,would ratherthan,cannot but,（不得不，必然，不能不）,cant help but,等,*,3.,why not,表建议,*,4.,在介词,but,except,之后，如果其前有实义动词,do,的某种形式，不定式不带,to,反之须带,to.,Step 4,动词不定式省略to 的情况归纳*1 当动词不定式作宾语补足语,15,Exercise P9,Competition,Group A,Group B.,Exercise P9 CompetitionGroup,16,The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_ it more difficult.(MET99),A.not make B.not to make C.not making D.do not make,2.Ive worked with children before,so I know what _ in my,new job.(MET2000),A.Expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects,3.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couples but,it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.(MET2001),A.to see B.to be seen C.seeing D.seen,Practice:,The purpose of new technologie,17,4.Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer.(MET1993),A.to invent B.inventing,C.to have invented D.having invented,5.Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all,the way home.(MET2003),A.much too heavy B.too much heavy,C.heavy too much D.too heavy much,4.Charles Babbage is generall,18,6.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother,told him _.(MET95),A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to,7.Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening.(MET 92),A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking,8.There are five pairs _,but Im at a loss which to buy.(1999,上海高考,)A.to be chosen B.to choose from C.to choose D.for choosing,6.The boy wanted to ride his,19,9._late in the afternoon,Bob turned off the alarm.,(2001,年北京春季高考,)A.To sleep B.Sleeping C.Sleep D.Having sleep,10.With a lot of difficult problems _,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.(2002,年上海春季高考,),A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settled,9._late in the afternoon,B,20,11.She will tell us why she feels so strongly that each of us has a,role_in making the earth a better place to live.,(2003,上海春季高考,),A.to have played B.to play C.to be played D.to be playing,12.In order to gain a bigger share in the international market,many state run com