,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,奇妙的数独,“数独”(,Sudoku,)一词来自日语,意思是“单独的数字”或“只出现一次的数字”。概括来说,它就是一种填数字游戏。但这一概念最初并非来自日本,而是源自拉丁方块,它是十八世纪的瑞士数学家欧拉发明的。出生于,1707,年的欧拉被誉为有史以来最伟大的数学家之,一。,数独的“前身”,最早起源于,中国,。数千年前,我们的祖先就发明了,洛书,,其特点较之现在的数独更为复杂,要求纵向、横向、斜向上的三个数字之和等于,15,,而非简单的九个数字不能重复。,奇妙的数独“数独”(Sudoku)一词来自日语,意思是“单独,1,8,3,4,1,5,9,6,7,2,洛书,:3*3,834159672洛书:3*3,2,17,23,4,10,11,24,5,6,12,18,1,7,13,19,25,8,14,20,21,2,15,16,22,3,9,洛书,:5*5,172341011245612181713192581420,3,47,57,67,77,6,16,26,36,37,58,68,78,7,17,27,28,38,48,69,79,8,18,19,29,39,49,59,80,9,10,20,30,40,50,60,70,1,11,21,31,41,51,61,71,81,12,22,32,42,52,62,72,73,2,23,33,43,53,63,64,74,3,13,34,44,54,55,65,75,4,14,24,45,46,56,66,76,5,15,25,35,洛书,:9*9,475767776162636375868787172728,4,数独的简单介绍,数独是一种数字游戏。,4x4,的数独,(,四宫格,),:每行、每列、每个宫格包含数字,14,,且不能出现数字的重复。,6x6,的数独(六宫格):每行、每列、每个宫格包含数字,16,,且不能出现数字的重复。,标准数独为,9x9,数独 九宫格,数独的简单介绍数独是一种数字游戏。,5,1,2,3,4,A,B,C,D,四宫格,1234ABCD四宫格,6,1,2,3,4,A,2,3,B,2,1,C,2,D,1,2,四宫格练习题,1234A23B21C2D12四宫格练习题,7,1,2,3,4,5,6,A,B,C,D,E,F,六宫格,123456ABCDEF六宫格,8,标准数独的元素,:,单元格、行、列、宫,区,(行、列、宫都是区的一种表现形式;,9,字标准数独共包含,27,个区,具体表现为,9,个行、,9,个列和,9,个宫。),名称:上中下、左中右,(上左宫,上中宫,上右宫;中左宫,中宫,中右宫;下左宫、下中宫、下右宫),奇妙的数独ppt课件,9,九宫格,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,九宫格123456789ABCDEFGHI,10,九宫格数独,盘面是个九宫,每一宫又分为九个小格。在这八十一格中给出一定的已知数字和解题条件,利用逻辑和推理,在其他的空格上填入,1-9,的数字。使,1-9,每个数字在每一行、每一列和每一宫中都只出现一次。这种游戏全面考验做题者观察能力和推理能力,虽然玩法简单,但数字排列方式却千变万化,是训练头脑的绝佳方式。,经常做九宫格数独练习,直观的好处有如下几点,.,趣味性:做数独题,可以提高自己的情趣,自控力:做题让自己平静下来,思维能力的提高:编辑、破译密码的故事,,抓间谍者,。,记忆力提高:把九宫格变化成图形装进脑子里进行局部和全局的推理分析,久而久之锻炼了自己的大脑记忆力。,勇气的培养:遇到难题,不畏缩,有客服困难的勇气。,九宫格数独,盘面是个九宫,每一宫又分为九个小格。在这八十一格,11,解开数独的方法:,直观法,候选数法,数独直观法解题技巧主要有:唯一解法、基础摒除法、区块摒除法、唯余解法、矩形摒除法、单元摒除法、余数测试法。,数独候选数法解题技巧主要有:唯一候选数法、隐性唯一候选数法、区块删减法、数对删减法、隐性数对删减法、三链数删减法、隐性三链数删减法、矩形顶点删减法、三链列删减法、关键数删减法、关连数删减法。,解开数独的方法:直观法数独直观法解题技巧主要有:唯一解法、基,12,4,3,8,7,6,?,2,1,5,1,,行唯一解法,43876?2151,行唯一解法,13,8,9,2,?,6,7,4,1,5,2,,,列唯一解法,892?674152,,14,六宫格练习题,(,行、列唯一法,),1,2,3,4,5,6,A,4,3,1,B,6,5,C,5,D,3,6,2,5,4,E,3,6,4,F,1,3,六宫格练习题(行、列唯一法)123456A431B65C5D,15,3,,宫唯一解法,6,3,4,8,5,7,?,1,2,3,宫唯一解法634857?12,16,1,2,3,4,5,6,A,2,1,6,4,B,4,5,2,C,3,4,D,4,2,3,6,E,6,5,F,2,5,六宫格练习(宫唯一法),123456A2164B452C34D4236E65F25六,17,4,,单行排除法,?,6,8,5,7,1,2,4,单行排除法?685712,18,5,,,单列,排除法,5,8,2,7,1,?,6,5,单列58271?6,19,6,,单行、单列排除法,3,7,5,3,8,?,6,单行、单列排除法37538?,20,7,,双行排除法,9,4,?,5,5,7,双行排除法94?55,21,8,双列,排除法,5,8,7,?,5,8,双列587?5,22,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,3,B,3,C,?,6,D,E,3,F,G,H,I,123456789A3B3C?6DE3FGHI,23,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,1,9,2,B,7,C,2,7,1,D,1,7,6,3,E,4,3,2,F,5,G,8,9,7,H,6,I,9,5,4,3,123456789A192B7C271D1763E432F5,24,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,1,9,2,B,7,2,C,2,7,1,D,1,7,6,3,E,4,3,2,F,5,2,G,8,9,7,H,6,I,9,5,4,3,123456789A192B72C271D1763E432F,25,九宫格练习,热身题,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,6,1,3,2,B,5,8,1,7,C,7,3,4,D,9,6,7,8,E,3,2,9,5,F,5,7,3,9,G,1,9,7,H,8,2,4,6,I,4,1,2,5,九宫格练习,热身题123456789A6132B5817C7,26,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,7,6,1,3,2,B,3,5,8,1,7,C,7,3,4,D,9,6,3,7,8,E,3,2,7,9,5,F,5,7,3,9,G,1,9,7,H,8,3,2,4,7,6,I,4,7,1,2,5,123456789A76132B35817C734D9637,27,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,7,6,1,3,2,B,3,5,8,1,7,C,7,3,4,D,9,6,3,7,8,E,3,2,7,9,5,F,5,7,3,9,G,1,9,7,H,8,3,2,4,7,6,I,4,7,1,2,5,这个局面处理,下左宫,下左宫缺哪俩个数字?怎么处理?,123456789A76132B35817C734D9637,28,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,4,7,5,8,B,6,5,3,2,1,C,7,6,3,D,6,7,2,4,E,9,8,4,6,F,4,5,1,9,G,1,5,2,H,2,8,4,5,3,I,5,9,7,1,谜题一,123456789A4758B65321C,29,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,5,4,B,2,5,4,1,C,1,6,8,7,2,5,D,8,1,6,2,3,5,E,3,7,4,1,F,4,1,6,7,2,3,G,2,9,6,8,1,H,4,1,2,7,I,2,3,7,4,9,5,谜题二,123456789A54B2541C168725D81623,30,