单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Grammar,V-ing used as attribute(定语)and adverbial(状语),GrammarV-ing used as attribute,1,主动 被动,一般式：doing-being done,完成式：having done-having been done,否定式：not doing,not having done,Grammar,V-ing,形式,主动 被动Gram,2,Learning,a foreign language is very useful to me.,I enjoy,leaning,English.,Seeing is,believing.,There is a,swimming,pool in our school.,The boy,standing,there is a classmate of mine.,Im looking forward to,seeing,you again.,The most important thing is,getting,there in time.,I hear the birds,singing,.,主语,宾语,表语,定语,定语,宾语,表语,宾补,Learning a foreign language is,3,1.His nose touched Mr.Cooks,moving,hand.,=His nose touched Mr.Cooks hand,which is moving,.,(Ving 作定语),(Ving 作伴随状语),2.You see her step back,appearing surprised,.,=You see her step back,and she appeared surprised,.,1.His nose touched Mr.Cook,4,=They are visitors,who come from several countries,.,3.They are visitors,coming from several countries,.,=This is an experience,which is exciting,.,4.This is an,exciting,experience.,(Ving 作后置定语),(Ving 作前置定语),=They are visitors who come f,5,5.Four people enter,looking around,in a curious way.,7.,Not working hard,you cant pass the exam.,=If you dont work hard,you.,(Ving 作条件状语),(Ving 作伴随状语),6,.The children ran out of the room,laughing and talking,happily.,5.Four people enter looking ar,6,V-ing 形式在句中作,定语和状语,是本单元的学习重点。,1.作定语,-ing形式(动名词)表示“供作.之用”的意思。,A swimming pool,=a pool for swimming,A sleeping car,=a car for sleeping,V-ing 形式在句中作定语和状语是本单元的学习重点,7,2),-ing形式表示“.的”意思,也叫现在分词,A,sleeping,child:A child who is sleeping,working,people:people who are working,the,rising,sun:The sun which is rising,2)-ing形式表示“.的”意思,也叫现在,8,-ing形式,短语,作定语时一般放在它所修饰的,名词之后,相当于一个定语从句。如:,They are visitors,coming from,several countries.,The boy,standing there,is a classmate of mine.,-ing形式短语作定语时一般放在它所修饰的名词之,9,2.作状语,可以表示时间,原因,结果,条件,行为方式或伴随动作等,。,2.作状语,10,1)Four people entered the room,looking around in a curious way,.,(原因状语),2),Being poor,he couldnt afford a TV set.,=As he was poor,he couldnt,Tell the function of,V-ing form,:,(伴随动作),3.),Although,working hard,he failed to pass the test.,(让步状语),1)Four people entered the,11,3),Working hard,youll surely succeed.,条件,4)The boy sat in front of the farm-house,cutting the branch,.,伴随,5)He came,running back,to tell me the news.,方式,3)Working hard,youll surely,12,6)(,When,)Hearing the news,he got frightened.,7)The child slipped and fell,hitting his head against the door.,结果状语,(,时间状语,可以在分词前保留,when),=,When he heard the news,he got frightened.,6)(When)Hearing the news,he,13,Attention!,-ing形式作状语时,它的,逻辑主语,必须与,主句的主语,是一致的。,Seeing from,the top of the mountain,we,find the city very beautiful.,Seen from,the top of the mountain,the city,looks very beautiful.,Attention!-ing形式作状语时,它的逻,14,完成式：Having done/Not having done,1._ all the work,he went to bed.,2._the test,he had to try a second time.,Having finished,Not having passed,用于V-ing 所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前,完成式：Having done/Not having do,15,Go through the grammar rules in“优质课堂1+1”P45-46,Go through the grammar rules i,16,1.Having not seen the film,I cant tell you what I think of it.,2.The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay.,3.Seen from the top of the hill,we find the city more beautiful.,4.Generally speak,facial expressions are helpful communications,too.,Not having,working,Seeing,speaking,单句改错,1.Having not seen the fil,17,5.“Cant you read?”the man said,angrily pointed to the notice on the wall.,6.Knocking at the door before entering,please.,7.European football is played in 80 countries,made it the most popular sport in the world.,pointing,Knock,making,5.“Cant you read?”the man,18,8._(see)the house on fire,he dialed 119.9._(compare)with the size of the whole earth,the highest mountain does not seem high at all.10._(not save)much money,Jimmy was not able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.11.The _(reduce)price will save you one dollar for each dozen.12.Many things_(consider)impossible in the past are very common today.13.Can you read?Mary said,and,angrily _(point)to the notice.,Seeing,Compared,Not having saved,reduced,considered,pointed,8._(see)the house on,19,14.I had to shout to make myself _(hear)above the noise.15.He wrote a letter to me _(inform)that his trip to japan had been put off because of the bad weather.16.He reads newspapers every day to keep himself _about whats going on in the worldo.17.I had to repeat to make you _(hear)completely.,heard,informing,informed,hear,14.I had to shout to make myse,20,1.,When he approached Ms Smith,he touched her shoulder and kissed her.,_ _ Ms Smith,he touched her shoulder and kissed her.,Rewrite the following sentences.,When,approaching,2.,The person who is translating,the songs can speak seven languages.,The person _ _ _can speak seven languages.,translating,the,songs,1.When he approached Ms Sm,21,3,.,The boy standing there,is reading a book about body language.,=The boy _ _ _ there is reading a book about body language.,who,is,standing,4.,Because he comes from Jordan,he moves close to ask you a q