单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,动词的ing形式,动词的ing形式,1,一、动名词的形式,主动形式,被动形式,一般式,doing,being done,完成式,having done,having been done,一、动名词的形式 主动形式被动形式一般式doingbe,2,千万要注意,V-ing,形式的规则哟！,不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语。还有时态和语态的变化,。,千万要注意V-ing形式的规则哟！不能单独作谓语，没有人称和,3,作主语：动名词,Teaching is my full-time job.,Writing an English composition is not easy.,Its useless taking this kind of medicine.,作主语：动名词Teaching is my full-tim,4,注：动名词（短语）做主语还常用于下列结构：,Its no use,sending him over.Its too late already.,Its no good,talking a lot without doing anything.,Its a waste of time,arguing about it.,而在Its important /Its necessary /Its advisable /Its essential /Its fitting 这类句型中，只能用不定式，如：,Its important to learn foreign languages.,Its quite necessary to read it many times.,注：动名词（短语）做主语还常用于下列结构：而在It,5,注：,动名词作主语,与,不定式作主语,的区别：,动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作，一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为，往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起，如：,Its no use crying over spilt milk.(抽象),He realized that to go on like this was no use.(具体),在实际运用中，一般可以互换，差异不大。,但在下列情况中不能互换：,当表语是动名词时，主语也要用动名词；当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式，如：,Seeing is believing.,To see is to believe.,注：动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别：,6,作表语,（1）动名词作表语说明主语的内容，可以放到句首作主语,My job is teaching.,=Teaching is my job.,Her full-time job is laying eggs.,=Laying eggs is her full-time job,.,（2）现在分词作表语相当于形容词,The play is exciting.,Exciting is the play.,The story he told us was very interesting.,Interesting was the story he told us.,作表语（1）动名词作表语说明主语的内容，可以放到句首作主语（,7,动名词作表语与不定式作表语的区别：,动名词作表语时表示比较抽象的一般行为、习惯；不定式作表语时表示具体的某一次动作，特别是将来的动作，试比较：,My favourite sport is swimming.,The first thing for us to do is to improve our pronunciation.,动名词作表语与不定式作表语的区别：,8,作宾语：动名词,I have just finished doing my home work.,I suggested asking his brother for some money.,He keeps buying expensive maps.He must have more than 200 by,now.,作宾语：动名词I have just finished do,9,只接动名词作宾语的常见动词有十六个,：,resist、mind、suggest、delay、keep on、look forward to、enjoy、include、,appreciate、imagine、practise、finish、succeed in、consider、,cant help、miss。,只接动名词作宾语的常见动词有十六个：resist、mind、,10,抗议推迟盼喜报，心想练成考不错,动词的ing形式ppt课件,11,动名词（短语）还常常跟在短语动词之后，作介词的宾语。常见的有：,insist on/think of/dream of/object to/hear of/prevent from/keep from/stop from/feel like/be engaged in/look forward to/depend on/thank for/excuse for/devote to/set about/spend in/get(be)used to /be fond of/be afraid of/be tired of/succeed in/be interested in/be proud of/burst out/give up 等，如：,He insisted,on seeing us home,.,They all objected,to putting the meeting off,.,Are you interested,in going to the show,?,Im thinking,of going to town this afternoon,.,She is afraid,of falling behind the others,.,动名词（短语）还常常跟在短语动词之后，作介词的宾语。常,12,动名词作定语表示性质或用途。,a washing machine,a machine for washing,a swimming pool,a pool for swimming,作定语,动名词作定语表示性质或用途。作定语,13,作定语,现在分词作定语表示动作，相当于一个定于从句。如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名词之后。,a,developing,country a country which is developing,a,sleeping,boy a boy who is sleeping,The man,talking with my father,is Mr.Wang.,China is a,developing,country.,作定语现在分词作定语表示动作，相当于一个定于从句。如果是单,14,作 状 语,现在分词作状语。表时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随（方式）等。,Hearing the cry for help,he rushed out.,（时间）,Being ill,he went home.,（原因）,European football is played in 80 countries,making,it the most popular sport in the world.(NMET 98),（结果）,He read a magazine waiting for the bus.,（,伴随,）,Seeing from the hill,you can get the whole town.,(条件）,作 状 语现在分词作状语。表时间、原因、条件、结果、伴随,15,动名词,用法归纳,动,1、作主语,名,2、作表语,(与现在分词的区别）,词,3、作宾语,（能跟动名词作宾语的动词）,4、作定语,（与动名词的区别）,动词的ing形式ppt课件,16,四、动名词的完成形式与被动形式,动名词的一般形式通常表示一般性动作（即不是明确地在过去、现在或将来发生的动作）或是与谓语所表示的动作同时发生的动作，如：,They are all interested in climbing mountains.,He took a great delight in helping others.,如果要表示动名词代表的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，通常用动名词的完成形式，,如：,He didnt mention having met me.,I regret not having taken her advice.,I dont remember having ever promised you that.,注：,在某些动词之后（或在成语中）常用（或可以用）动名词的一般形式表示在谓语动作之前发生的动作，如：,Excuse me for coming late.,I dont remember ever seeing him anywhere.,四、动名词的完成形式与被动形式 动名词的一般,17,当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的承受者时，这个动名词一般要用被动形式，,如：,This question is far from,being settled,.,He did it without,being asked,.,They insisted on,their being treated as ordinary workers,.,He didnt mind,being left at home,.,They couldnt stand,being treated like that,.,注：,如果表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生，有时需要用动名词的完成被动形式，如：,I dont remember,having ever been given a chance to try this method.,当一个动名词逻辑上的主语所表示的是这动作的承受者时，这个,18,Revision-Gerund,1.I believe thats the best way to prevent such a thing_ again.D.happen,A.to happen B.from happening C.happened,2.He insisted_ with my English.A.helping,B.on helping C.to help D.in helping,3.She has little experience _.A.with teaching,B.to teach C.of teaching D.from teaching,4.We are all looking forward _ Mr.A next week.,A.to see B.of seeing C.at seeing D.to seeing,B,B,C,D,Revision-Gerund1.I believe,19,5.I dont feel _tonight.D.like reading,A.like to read B.like Im going to read C.reading,6.He spent all his time_ for the TOFEL.,A.to prepare B.of preparing C.in preparing D.to preparing,7.The boy is only five years old,but he is quite used _the telephone.A.to answer B.to answering C.of answer