单击此处编辑母版标题样式,编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2021/5/1,#,主谓一致,Subject-verb Agreement,主谓一致Subject-verb Agreement,Learning Aims:,summarize and review the SubjectVerb Agreement.,try to ent,Learning Aims,Learning Aims:Learning Aims,2,主谓一致是指主语和谓语要保持人称和数上的一致，主语的“人称”和“数”决定谓语动词的变化。,但是如果主语不是单一的，或主语名词的数比较特殊时，其主谓一致一般要根据 ,就近/前一致,语法一致,意义一致,主谓一致是指主语和谓语要保持人称和数上的一致，主语的“人称”,3,原则,概念,例句,语法一致,原则,指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；,主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式,Steve Ember is a good player,Children like toys.,意义一致,原则,指主语形式上为单数,但表示复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式；,或主语形式上为复数但表示单数意义,谓语动词用单数形式,My family are having lunch now,News is travelling fast nowadays,就近一致,原则,谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式取决于最靠近它的主语,There is a knife and two forks on the desk,Either you or he is to go,原则概念例句指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；Steve,一.名词作主语时应注意的几个问题,1.表时间，距离，金钱，重量，数字等的复数名词作“整体”看时，。,Two hours is quite enough.,1).“_ twenty dollars a big sum to her?”（be）,“I sus”_first published in 1970.（be）,谓语常用单数,IS,is,was,一.名词作主语时应注意的几个问题1.表时间，距离，金钱，重,2.以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来决定谓语动词的单复数。,表学科的名词(es)、国名(the United States)或组织名称(the United Nations)及news作主语，,es are held once every four years.,2.以-s结尾的名词作主语时，根据其意思来决定谓语动词的单,3.集体名词作主语时，视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数：,1)mittee,enemy等名词,表示整体时，,表其中的成员时，,1.His family _ always quarrelling among themselves.,2.The team _ driving to the game in their own cars.,3.The team _ the best in this city.,谓语常用复数,谓语常用复数,谓语常用单数,are,are,is,3.集体名词作主语时，视其意义来决定谓语动词的单复数：谓,4.clothing,furniture,traffic,jewellery,baggage,equiade according to her order.(be),was,4.clothing,furniture,traffi,5.有的名词表示的是由两个对称的部分构成的物品。如：trousers,glasses,shoes,gloves,shorts,scissors等，,这类名词作主语时，。,但如果其前有a pair of,a kind of 修饰时，则应被看作,谓语常用复数,单数形式，谓语常用单数,5.有的名词表示的是由两个对称的部分构成的物品。如：tro,My trousers _ too tight,so I have to change them for another y aunt yesterday.(be),are,was,My trousers _ too tight,6.名词有each,every,no修饰时,被and/or 连接时，即使有多个并列的主语，仍看作 。,Each boy and each girl wants to have a holiday.,单数形式，谓语用单数,6.名词有each,every,no修饰时,被and,desk and every chair _ made of wood.(be),boy and no girl _(be)in the classroom.,is,is,desk and every chair _ mad,12,1.以and连接的两个名词作主语时，,Walking and riding are good exercises.,注意：当and连接的两个单数名词在意义上指的是同一人，物或概念时，。,The teacher and writer is popular with his students.,(区别：The teacher and the writer are),二、由连词连接的名词或代词作主语时的主谓一致问题,谓语用单数,谓语用复数形式,1.以and连接的两个名词作主语时，二、由连词连接的名,2.就近一致:即谓语动词与后面的中心词一致,or,eitheror,neither.nor,not onlybut also,not but,There be,whetheror,连接的词作主语，,谓语与靠近的主语一致，就近原则,or连接的词作主语，谓语与靠近的主语一致，就近原,1._ you or he to attend tomorrows,meeting?(be),2.Either you or he _ mistaken.(be),3.Neither Mary nor her usic.(go),4.There _ a e books,on the table.(be),Are,is,go,is,1._ you or he to attend,3.就前一致:(即谓语动词与前面的中心词一致),名词 A+,+名词 B,这样的结构做主语，,2.The teacher as well as her students _,fond of usic very much.,3.All but Tom _(know)the truth,so far.,with;together with;along with；but;,except;besides,including;as well as;in addition to,not;rather than;like,is,-,have known,-,谓语动词仅与 A 一致,3.就前一致:(即谓语动词与前面的中心词一致)with;,4.,+名词,作主语时，,1.One third of the students in our class,_ girls.(be),2.Seventy percent of the surface of the,earth _covered with/by water.,分数+of;百分数 +of;some of;ost of;the rest of;ost of;the rest of;the majority of;.,are,-,is,-,-,谓语动词取决于后面名词的数,4.分数+of;百分数 +of;som,1.any,either,neither,none,all,some等作主语时，,Now all _ changed.(Have),All _ silent at the meeting.(be),2.none 有时作单数看待，有时作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思决定。,eg.None of the books _easy enough for us.,None of us _ a camera.(have),三、代词作主语时的主谓一致问题,视其在句中的意义，谓语动词可用作单数或复数。,has,are,are,has,1.any,either,neither,none,3.what,who,which,any(of),more,most,all(of),half(of),?,2)A man who thinks only himself can never be happy.,3)He is not one of those who bow before difficulties.,3.what,who,which,any(of),4.one/every one/each/either/neither/the other/another anybody/anyone/anything/somebody/someone/something/everybody/everyone/everything/nobody/no one/nothing/the number+of+复数名词作主语或是独立充当主语时，谓语动词用单数。,4.one/every one/each/eithe,each _ a new dictionary.(have),of you _ res _ to play it.(like),has,is,likes,each _ a new dictionary.,One and a half years has passed.,One and a half apples has rotted away.,one and a half做主语时，谓语动词用做单数。,One and a half years has passe,四.特殊用法的总结,特殊1：more 复数名词 than one 和 more than one 单数名词的意义相同，均表示“不只一个”，但前者用作复数，后者用作单数。more than+两个以上的数字+名词复数做主语时，谓语动词用复数。,many a+单数名词,More students than one were ore than one student was any a student was punished.,谓语用单数。,四.特殊用法的总结 特殊1：more 复数名词 tha,特殊2：a large quantity（amount)of+名词,quantities(amounts)of+名词,A large amount of water has been ounts of water have been polluted.,谓语常用单数。,谓语用复数。,特殊2：a large quantity（amount)o,特殊3:“定冠词+adj/分词”表示一类具体的人或物时，谓语用复数，若表示某一抽象概念，则用单数。,1)The old _taken good care of here.(be),3)The true _(be)to be distinguished from the false.,are,is,特殊3:“定冠词+adj/分词”表示一类具体的人或物时，谓,特殊4.动名词、不定式或从句作主语时,谓语用_,但what引导的主语从句视后面的表语而定。,What we need _ time.(be),What we need _ books.(be),特殊5.单复同形的名词，如：means,works等,视其在句中的意义，谓语动词可用作单数或复数。,Every means has been tried.,All means have been tried,单数,is,are,特殊4.动名词、不定式或从句作主语时,谓语用_单数,1.Our class _ a big one.（be),Our class _ fond of music.,2.1.The trouser