,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,2012-9-7,深圳福田区妇幼保健院,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,温柔的自由体位分娩公益课堂,2015-3-29,1.,整体的助产:,2.,自由体位分娩,:,3.,温柔的第二产程:温柔的呼吸,放松,而不是拚命的用力!,本节分享主要内容,建立信任,,关注产妇,,产妇的全部,,产妇家人的全部:产妇的家人很紧张会影响产程,产妇所处环境的全部,笑话:不看美人,只看屁股的产科,努力的方向,整体助产,自由体位分娩:,anything but supine(,除了平卧位、截石位、后仰的坐位,其它所有体位),站立姿势,坐式分娩,跪式体位(手膝俯卧),侧卧或侧俯卧位,在分娩过程中指产妇采用自感舒适的体位,而不是传统的仰卧截石位分娩。,任何体位都可以,唯一不好的是平卧位,截石位,自由体位分娩,MONIKA,教师发明的坐式分娩单位简单的,重要是思维方式,,我们所缺乏的重要的一点,自己要放松,从容不迫的态度,深呼吸,让产妇放松,指导呼吸,保持良好环境,放松:助产士的一个基本技能,放松不仅从精神上得到安慰,同时也在生理上有益。,一个放松状态的产妇,能够呼吸更自由轻松,更有节律,胎盘循环中和产妇本身的氧合水平更高。放松能够促使内源性,缩宫素释放,,从而使子宫收缩更有效。,内源性的多啡肽,分泌增加从而减轻产痛,一个放松的产妇比一个紧张焦虑的产妇能够释放出更多的内啡肽,因为紧张会导致肾上腺素分泌过多,从而抑制多啡肽的分泌。在产程中保持放松最终会减少镇静麻醉药物的需求,减少其它产科干预措施的应用。,放松越放松产程就会越快,Relaxation is born of confidence;without confidence,a woman remains tense.A useful technique for instilling confidence is visualization.,放松是从自信中获得的。如果没有分娩的信心,产妇就会很紧张。一个有效的建立自信的方法是想像。,With guidance from her midwife,a woman learns to visualize in her mind her baby travelling through her body.She gains an appreciation of how the baby adapts to the differing pelvic spaces.She absorbs how her baby finds its way through the soft birth passage and over the perineum.It is vital to include in this exercise the birth of the placenta and the closing-up of the uterus.Obviously this provides a wonderful opportunity for the midwife to use,and impart,her technical knowledge.,在她的助产士的引导下,产妇学习想像她的宝宝是如何通过她的身体的,她要了解胎儿是如何适应她的产道的不同空间。她要了解胎儿是如何在软产道中找到娩出的道路,通过会阴娩出。在这个想像中,了解胎盘是如何娩出的,子宫是如何关闭收缩(止血的过程)也是非常重要的。这让助产士有机会应用她所学习到的知识技能。,引导产妇:注意力集中,想像(冥想),放松,“,Rest your head.Relax your forehead,your shoulders and arms.Open your hands.Let everything hang down.Let go of all your tension and fear.Trust your body.Breathe out as long as you can.Feel your diaphragm move your baby downwards.Open your jaw,your lips.Think of your beautiful baby.Feel its little wet head wriggling down the birth passage.Surrender to the power of your birth-waves.You and your baby work together to make this happen.The more you let go,the sooner your baby will be here.”,头部放松,前额放松,双肩和双臂放松,张开你的手,放下所有的事情。忘记所有的紧张和恐惧,相信你自己的身体,呼气,尽可能长的呼气,感觉到你的膈肌让你的身体下沉,张开下巴,张开嘴巴,想像你美丽的宝宝,想像一下她的小小的湿湿的脑袋摇摆着穿过你的产道,在产力的推动下波动前进,你和你的宝宝在一起努力!你越放松,你的宝宝就会来得越快,While awaiting the involuntary pushing urge,get the woman to focus on her breathing to override the sensations of bowel pressure or agitation.She inhales briefly through the nose,then exhales through the mouth for as long as possible,in a quiet,focused,prolonged exhalation that endeavors to expel“every last bit of air”from her lungs.This helps to keep the woman relaxed and prevent maternal fatigue during the physiological preparation for the bearing-down phase of second stage.It also helps to avoid premature compromising of placental oxygenation.,在等待产妇自主的用力之前,让产妇专注于呼吸上,转移大便感和紧张焦虑的压力。,她从鼻子快速的吸气,然后从嘴巴呼出,越慢越好,安静的,注意力集中,延长的呼气,让尽力排出肺部最后气体。这让产妇放松,并防止产妇疲劳,在产妇想用力之前的阶段。这也有助于避免减少胎盘循环的血氧水平。(过早用力会减少胎盘的血供)。,什么时间开始用力:宫口开全后并且见到胎头(晚点,自主的想用力的时候),用力方式:,宫缩初起时,先不要用力,而是吸气,,鼻子吸气,嘴吐气,发出,FF,,越长越好(相当于吹蜡烛),在吐气的时候你会感觉到膈肌在下降(这相当于开始用力了),发现不由自主的沉闷的声音(不自主用力,象狗在低声咆哮一样),开大嘴巴,由高到低发哈,放松的呼吸第二产程温柔用力,If a woman is told to push right from the beginning of a surge,the anterior uterine wall does not have time to pull up out of the way and may create a soft tissue obstacle for the descending head.Furthermore,we create more stress for the baby which is already sitting tightly wedged in the soft birth passage,because prolonged and strong pushing cuts off placental oxygenation.,如果产妇在宫缩刚开始的时候就被要求用力,子宫前壁还没有升高,这样,将有软的组织挡在胎头前面,妨碍胎儿的下降。并且,我们的用力将对产道内的胎儿造成更大的压力,因为过长的和过强的用力将会减少和阻断胎盘的血氧供给。,过早用力不利于胎儿下降,会造成宫颈和阴道壁的水肿损伤,宫缩要来了,妈妈,不要急着用力,先吸气,产道在打开,在伸展,宝 宝会沿着产道滑下来,,妈妈,开始用鼻子吸气,,然后慢慢的嘴巴吐气,发,FF,的声音,越长越好,-(ffff,aaaaa,慢的低沉的,不要尖叫),练习,放松:放松就是保护会阴,Having a completely relaxed woman leads to effective uptake of the anterior vaginal wall and progressive perineal thinning during descent of the presenting part.,产妇在产程中完全的放松有助于让阴道前壁上升,随着胎先露的下降会阴肌肉更容易被拉伸变薄,放松:就是保护(提醒:要准备好手,不要完全放开,但可以少用力或不用力),温柔的分娩:真正的无保护(,hand off),头着冠了,张大嘴巴,发哈最大的嘴巴,一次长长的哈,