,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,UNIT 8,Governing Law and Forum Selection,UNIT 8Governing Law and Forum,8.00 Introduction,In drafting a commercial contract,a prudent attorney should anticipate that dispute between the contracting parties may arise later in their relationship.,If the parties choose litigation as their means of dispute resolution,the incorporation of governing law and forum selection into the contract would let the parties know at the inception of any dispute which forum it will be adjudicated and what body of substantive law will govern its resolution.,In drafting such a clause,an attorney should,analyze which jurisdiction would be most beneficial for his client,carefully craft appropriate language to designate the desired forum and select the most favorable governing law.,in case of multiple agreements being negotiated,ensure the consistency of such clause among related agreements.,make it certain that the forum designation and governing law provisions at issue would be enforceable under certain jurisdictions laws,8.00 IntroductionIn drafting a,8.01 Governing Law Provisions,Governing Scope of the Chosen Law,The following are two examples of choice of law provisions.Example1 is a bare bones provision that,although often used,raises multiple legal and business issues.Example 2 is a more detailed and refined provisions that addresses the issues raised by Example1.,Example 1:,The laws of the state of Vermont govern this Agreement.,Example 2:,The laws of the state of Vermont,(without giving effect to its conflicts of law principles),govern all matters,arising out of or relating to,this agreement and all of the transactions it contemplates,including,without limitation,its,validity,interpretation,construction,performance,and,enforcement,.,Trial Translation:(see next page),8.01 Governing Law ProvisionsG,3,8.01 Governing Law Provisions,Example 1:,The laws of the state of Vermont govern this Agreement.,“,本协议”由,佛蒙特州法律管辖。,Example 2:,The laws of the state of Vermont(without giving effect to its conflicts of law principles)govern all matters arising out of or relating to this agreement and all of the transactions it contemplates,including,without limitation,its validity,interpretation,construction,performance,and enforcement.,因“本协议”引起或与之有关所有事项以及“本协议”拟进行的全部交易（包括但不限于其,效力,，解释，履行及实施）由,佛蒙特州法律管辖,（不包括其冲突规则）,。,8.01 Governing Law ProvisionsE,4,8.01 Governing Law Provisions,Designation of Multiple Jurisdiction,The parties may choose to have the law of one jurisdiction govern certain disputes arising under the contract,and the law of a different jurisdiction apply to other issues.Such bifurcation is common in the real estate context.,Example 3:,The laws of the State of Ohio(without giving effect to its conflict of laws principles)govern all matters arising out of or relating to Section _ of this Agreement(including,without limitation,its interpretation,construction,performance,and enforcement);and the laws of the State of Kentucky govern all other matters arising out of or relating to this Agreement(including,without limitation,its interpretation,construction,performance,and enforcement).,Comments:,The structure and language of this provision is similar to Example 2,except that it contains two subdivisions dealing with different matters that would subject to laws of different state.,8.01 Governing Law ProvisionsD,5,8.01 Governing Law Provisions,Example 3:,The laws of the State of Ohio(without giving effect to its conflict of laws principles)govern all matters arising out of or relating to Section _ of this Agreement(including,without limitation,its interpretation,construction,performance,and enforcement);and the laws of the State of Kentucky govern all other matters arising out of or relating to this Agreement(including,without limitation,its interpretation,construction,performance,and enforcement).,Trial Translation:,因“本协议”引起或与之有关所有事项（包括但不限于其,效力,，解释，履行及实施）由,俄亥俄,州法律管辖,（不包括其冲突规则）,；,因“本协议”引起或与之有关所有其它事项（包括但不限于其,效力,，解释，履行及实施）由,肯塔基州法律管辖。,8.01 Governing Law ProvisionsE,6,8.01 Governing Law Provisions,Drafting in Accord with State Statues:,Where the parties have chosen a particular states law in reliance upon that states statute governing the enforceability of choice of law provisions,the drafter needs to track the language used in the statute.,For example,the parties electing New York law and relying on Section 5-1401 of the General Obligations Law can ensure the enforceability of the provision by drafting as follows:,The law of New York shall govern the rights and duties of the parties in whole or in part.,各方权利和义务应全部或部分地由纽约州法管辖。,Such provisions are insufficient to accomplish all the drafters objectives(eg.related torts,strictly contractual matters),