,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,.,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,.,*,英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习,.,英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习.,1,1.,主语（,subject,）,：句子说明的人或事物。,The sun,rises in the east,（名词）,He,likes dancing.,（代词）,Twenty years,is a short time in history.(,数词,),Seeing,is believing.,（动名词）,To see,is to believe.,（不定式）,What he needs,is a book.,（主语从句）,It,is very clear,that the elephant is round and tall like a tree,.,（,It,形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）,.,1.主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。.,2,(,一）,指出下列句中主语的中心词,The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom.,There is an old man coming here.,The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.,To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult.,.,(一）指出下列句中主语的中心词.,3,谓语（,predicate,）,：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。,We,study,English.,He,is,asleep.,(,二,).,选出句中谓语的中心词,I dont like the picture on the wall.,A.dont B.like C.picture D.wall,The days get longer and longer when summer comes.A.get B.longer C.days D.summer,.,谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为,4,Do you usually go to school by bus?,A.Do B.usually C.go D.bus,There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.,A.will be B.meeting C.the library D.afternoon,.,Do you usually go to school,5,3.,宾语：,1,）动宾表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如：,I like,China,.,（名词）,He hates,you,.,（代词）,How many do you need?We need,two,.,（数词）,I enjoy,working,with you.,（动名词）,I hope,to see,you again.,（不定式）,Did you write down,what he said,?,（宾语从句）,.,3.宾语：1）动宾表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放,6,2,）介词后的名词、代词和动名词,-,介宾,Are you afraid of,the snake,?,Under the snow,there are many rocks.,3,）双宾语,-,间宾（指人）和,直宾（指物）,He gave,me,a book,yesterday.,Give,the poor man,some money,.,2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-介宾3）双宾语,7,(,四,),划出下列句中的宾语,My brother hasnt done his homework.,People all over the world speak English.,You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.,How many new words did you learn last class?,Some of the students in the school want to go swimming,how about you?,.,(四)划出下列句中的宾语.,8,划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语,Please tell us a story.,My father bought a new bike for me last week.,Mr.Li is going to teach us history next term.,Here is a pen.Give it to Tom.,Did he leave any message for me?,.,划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语.,9,5.,宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。,We elected him,monitor,.,（名词）,We all think it,a pity,that she didn,t come here.,（名词）,We will make them,happy,.,（形容词）,We found nobody,in,.(,副词,),.,5.宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。.,10,Please make yourself,at home,.,（介词短语）,Don,t let him,do that,.,（省,to,不定式）,His father advised him,to teach the lazy boy a lesson,.,（带,to,不定式）,Don,t keep the lights,burning,.,（现在分词）,I,ll have my bike,repaired,.,（过去分词）,.,Please make yourself at home.,11,(,五,),划出下列句中的宾语补足语,She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.,He asked her to take the boy out of school.,She found it difficult to do the work.,They call me Lily sometimes.,I saw Mr.Wang get on the bus.,Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?,.,(五)划出下列句中的宾语补足语.,12,3.,表语（,predicative,）,：系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。,He is a,teacher,.,（名词）,Five and five is,ten,.,（数词）,He is,asleep,.,（形容词）,His father is,in,.,（副词）,The picture is,on the wall,.,(,介词短语,),My watch is,gone/missing/lost,.,（形容词化的分词）,The question is,whether they will come,.,（表语从句）,.,3.表语（predicative）：系动词之后的成分，表示,13,（常见的系动词有,:be,sound,（听起来）,look,（看起来）,feel(,摸起来,),，,smell,（闻起来）,taste,（尝、吃起来）,remain,（保持，仍是）,feel,（感觉），,become,turn,get,grow,It sounds,a good idea,.,The sound sounds,strange,.,Her voice sounds,sweet,.,Tom looks,thin,.,The food smells,delicious,.,The food tastes,good,.,The door remains,open,.,Now I feel,tired,.,.,（常见的系动词有:be,sound（听起来）,look,14,(,三,),挑出下列句中的表语,The old man was feeling very tired.,Why is he worried about Jim?,The leaves have turned yellow.,Soon They all became interested in the subject.,She was the first to learn about it.,.,(三)挑出下列句中的表语.,15,6.,定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。,Yanling is a,chemistry,teacher.,（名词）,He is,our,friend.,（代词）,We belong to the,third,world.,（数词）,He was advised to teach the,lazy,boy a lesson.,（形容词）,The man,over there,is my old friend.(,副词,),The woman,with a baby in her arms,is my sister.(,介词,),The boys,playing football,are in Class 2.,（现在分词）,The trees,planted last year,are growing well now.,（过去分词）,I have an idea,to do it well,.,（不定式）,You should do everything,that I do,.,（定语从句）,.,6.定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。.,16,(,六,),挑出下列句中的定语,What is your given name?,On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.,I talked with a men dressed in blue T-shirt.,The man downstairs was trying to sleep.,.,(六)挑出下列句中的定语.,17,7.,状语：用来修饰,v.,adj.,adv.,or,句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。（以下例句按上述顺序排列）,I will go there,tomorrow,.,The meeting will be held,in the meeting room,.,The meat went bad,because of the hot weather,.,He studies hard,to learn English well,.,He didn,t study hard,so that he failed in the exam,.,I like some of you,very much,.,If you study hard,you will pass the exam.,He goes to school,by bike,.,Though he is young,he can do it well.,.,7.状语：用来修饰v.,adj.,adv.,or 句,18,(,七,),挑出下列句中的状语,There was a big smile on her face.,Every nig