单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,育英视频学习网:,中考英语语法,第十七讲 行为动词与系动词,第一部分：动词的类别,动词的类别,行为动词,系动词,助动词,情态动词,独立,做谓语,不独立,做谓语,及物动词,vt,与不及物动词,vi,瞬间动词与延续行动词,双宾语动词,重点在记忆、表语两个问题,第二部分：动词的时态、语态、语气,时态,语态,语气,主,+v,原,/,vs,主,+,is/are,过去分词,主,+,过去式,/were,主,+,过去式,主,+,was/were,过去分词,主,+,had,过去分词,主,+am/is/,are+ving,主,+,is/are being,过去分词,主,+,was/,were+ving,主,+,was/were being,过去分词,主,+will+v,原,主,+will be,过去分词,主,+,过去式,/,would+v,原,主,+would+v,原,主,+would be,过去分词,主,+have+,分词,主,+have been,过去分词,主,+had+,分词,主,+had been,过去分词,第三部分(1)：及物动词与不及物动词,及物与不及物,及物动词,vt,不及物动词,vi,纯及物,纯不及物,什么是,有哪些,1,、不能单独结尾。,2,、其后不能用介词,I reach KF(,对,)I reached(,错,),1,、能单独结尾。,2,、其后必须用介词,I arrived(,对,)I arrived at(,错,),I arrived in KF(,对,),考点：能不能加介词/能不能单独结尾,最常考,:see;hear;serve;reach;raise,其他详见下篇,最常考,:look;listen;arrive;rise,其他详见下篇,Vi=,vt,的动词,everybody,our game begins.,let us begin our game,Vi,、,vt,意思不同,we saw the mountain when the clouds,lifted,He,lifted,his glass and drank,一、纯及物动词：,buy,catch,invent,found,like,observe,offer,prevent,promise,raise,find,forget,receive,regard,see,say,seat,supply,select,suppose,show,make,take,tell,二、纯不及物动词：,agree,go,work,listen,look,come,die,belong,fall,exist,rise,arrive,sit,sail,hurry,fail,succeed,三、及物与不及物意思不一样,beat,vi.,跳动,vt,.,敲、打,;,grow vi.,生长,vt,.,种植,play vi.,玩耍,vt,.,打（牌、球）,演奏,smell vi.,发出（气味）,vt,.,嗅,ring,vi.,（电话、铃）响,vt,.,打电话,speak vi.,讲话,vt,.,说（语言）,hang,vi.,悬挂,vt,.,绞死,operate vi.,动手术,vt,.,操作,Lift vi,烟雾消散,vt,举起,第三部分(2)：瞬间动词与延续性动词,1,、以上两类动词都能用于现在完成时，表示动作到现在为止已结束，例如：,He has studied English for three years.,2,、持续性动词在完成时中能与表示持续一段时间的状语连用，而瞬间性动词则不能。例如：,His parents talked with the teacher for half an hour.,3,、瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用,例如：,He has been in the army/a soldier for,htree,years.,（他参军已有,3,年了。）不能用,has joined,本章节详见第二讲,-,完成时章节,常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系如下：,1,、,gobe away,2,、,comebe here,3,、,come backbe back,4,、,leavebe away,（,be not here,）,5,、,buyhave,6,、,borrowkeep,7,、,diebe dead,8,、,beginbe on,9,、,finishbe over,10,、,openbe open,11,、,closebe closed,12,、,losebe lost,13,、,get to know,know,14,、,turn onbe on,15,、,get upbe up,16,、,sit downsit/be seated,17,、,joinbe in,（,）或,be amember,18,、,becomebe,第三部分(3)：双宾语动词,双宾语动词,配,to,的,配,for,的,bring,fetch,give,hand,lend,offer,owe,pass,pay,post,promise,sell,send,show,take,teach,tell,throw,write,动词后同时用人、物做宾语（注意人和物的不同位置）例,:give me the book=give the book to me,ask,buy,call,choose,cook,do,find,get,keep,leave,save,第四部分:系动词,1,）状态系动词 用来表示主语状态，只有,be,一词,2,）,持续系动词,用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有,keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand,例如：,He always kept silent at meeting.,他开会时总保持沉默。,This matter rests a mystery.,此事仍是一个谜。,3,）表像系动词 用来表示,“看起来像,”这一概念，主要有,seem,appear,look,例如：,He looks tired.,他看起来很累。,He seems(to be)very sad.,他看起来很伤心。,4,）,感官系动词,感官系动词主要有,feel,smell,sound,taste,例如：,This kind of cloth feels very soft.,这种布手感很软。,This flower smells very sweet.,这朵花闻起来很香。,5,）,变化系动词,这些系动词表示主语变成什么样，变化系动词主要有,become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run,.,例如：,He became mad after that.,自那之后，他疯了。,She grew rich within a short time.,她没多长时间就富了。,6,）终止系动词 表示主语已终止动作，主要有,prove,trun,out,表达“,证实”，“变成”,之意，,例如：,The rumor proved false.,这谣言证实有假。,The search proved difficult.,搜查证实很难。,His plan turned out a success.,他的计划终于成功了。（,turn out,表终止性结果）,第五部分:中考不规则动词与习题,Beat beat beaten,Become became become,Begin began begun,Bend bent bent,Blow blew blown,Break broke broken,Burn burnt burnt,Build built built,Bring brought brought,Buy bought bought,Catch caught caught,Choose chose chosen,Come came come,Cost,cost cost,Cut cut cut,Do did done,Draw drew drawn,Drink drank drunk,Drive drove driven,Eat ate eaten,Fall fell fallen,Feed fed fed,Feel felt felt,Find found found,Fit fit fit,Fly flew flown,Forget forgot forgotten,Get got got,Give gave given,Go went gone,Grow grew grown,Have had had,Hear heard heard,Hide hid hidden,Hit hit hit,Hold held held,Hurt hurt hurt,Keep kept kept,Know knew known,Lead led led,Leave left left,Lend lent lent,Let let let,Lie lay lain,Light lit lit,Lose lost lost,Make made made,Meet met met,Pay paid paid,Put put put,Read read read,Ride rode ridden,Ring rang rung,Rise rose risen,Run ran run,Say,said said,See saw seen,Sell sold sold,Send sent sent,Set set set,Shall should should,Shine shone,shone,Show showed shown,Shut shut shut,Sing sang sung,Sit sat sat,Sleep slept slept,Smell smelt smelt,Speak spoke spoken,Spend spent spent,Spill spilt spilt,溅,Spit spat spat,Spoil spoilt spoilt,Stand stood stood,Sweep swept swept,Swim swam swum,Take took taken,Teach taught taught,Tell told told,Think thought thought,Throw threw thrown,Understand understood .,Wake woke woken,Win won won,Write wrote written,八、动词（情态动词、不定式、时态等）,（）,1.The life we were used to _ greatly since 2000.,A.changeB.has changed,C.changingD.have changed,（）,2.Sorry,Mr.Green.I _ my English book at home.,-Thats OK,but dont forget next time.,A.forgotB.forget,C.leftD.kept,（）,3,Im sure he _ able to finish this job,A,be B,is,C,are D,can,（）,4,-Dad,we can _ sports in school one hour a day.-Really?Its so good,A,to do B,does,C,do D,doing,（）,5.,一,_!Someone is singing upstairs,It must be Maria.,It cant be her,I saw her out,A,Look B,Say,C,L