单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Gerunds(,动名词,),语态,时态,主动形式,被动形式,一般式,完成式,否定式,doing,having done,being done,having been done,not,或,never+,动名词,Gerunds(,动名词,),Looking after patients is her duty.,Climbing up the mountain will make you exhausted.,一,.,作主语,1.,动名词短语充当的主语较长时，可以用形式主语代替，而把真正的主语放在后面。,在,”,Its no use(no good,useless)+,动名词,”结构中，,it,时形式主语，动名词是真正的主语,.,Its no use,quarrelling about the question,.,2.,一般来说，,动名词作主语,表示,泛指,经常性的,抽象的动作,而,不定式作主语,多表示,特指,一次性的,具体的动作,二者都常用,it,做形式主语,.,E.g.1),Spitting everywhere,is not a good manner.,2),To spit here,will be punished.,A nurses job is taking care of patients.,二，作表语,作表语时，,不定式,表示,将去完成的某一具体动作,，而,动名词,表示,泛指日常反复的动作,。,My job is,to collect letters,.,My job is,collecting letters,.,My hobby is,collecting stamps,.,三,.,作,(,动词或介词的,),宾语,We enjoy,staying here,.,Im afraid of,making mistakes,while speaking English.,avoid,enjoy,escape,consider,prefer,cant stand,mind,finish,adore,suggest,risk,love,like,hate,imagine,四 作定语,There is,a reading room,in our library.,When he walks alone,he needs,a walking stick,.,动名词作定语，常放在被修饰词之前，,主要说明被修饰名词的作用,。很多情况下，可以用,for,来替代。,a swimming pool(=a pool,for,swimming),而现在分词作定语，常和所修饰词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。,a flying fish(=a fish that flies),五 动名词的复合结构,动名词的复合结构由,物主代词或名词所有格加动名词,构成，物主代词或名词所有格是动名词的,逻辑主语,，在句中可,作主语，宾语，表语,等。,Do you mind,my/me opening the window,?,I forgot,his/him telling me about it,.,A persons knowing English,will help him in learning French.,1.You must do something to prevent your house _.,A.to be broken in B.to break in,C.from being broken in,D.from breaking in,2.All the people in our company are considering _ to the city center for the fashion show.,A.going B.to go C.to have gone,D.having gone,3.New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _.,A.being fully accepted B.fully accepted,C.fully accepting D.fully being accepting,4.The parents suggested _ in the hotel but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.,D.having slept,A.sleep B.to sleep C.sleeping,5.Do you mind _ alone at home?,A.Jane leaving B.Jane having left,C.Janes being left D.Jane to be left,6._ is the reason why Kathy has to ask for leave.,A.Her mother is ill B.Her mother to be ill,C.Her mother was ill,D.Her mothers being ill,7.Tom made her mother unhappy for _ his exam result.,A.letting not her know B.letting her know not,C.not letting her know D.letting her not know,8.The teacher _ that all the homework should be handed in at once.,D.described,A.denied B.delivered C.demanded,9.I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child.,A.is to blame B.is going to blame,C.is to be blamed D.should blame,10.How many students does the team _?,A.make up B.make up for,C.consist of D.be consisted of,Thank you!,