,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,直接引语和间接引语,直接引语和间接引语,1,直接引语：,直接引用别人的原话,并在原话前后加引号。,例：He said,It is too late.,间接引语：,用自己的话转述他人的话,多数以宾语从句的形式构成。,例：He said it was too late.,直接引语：,2,直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意的变化,直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应注意的变化,3,直接引语里中的人称，包括主格、宾格、还有形容词性及名词性物主代词、反身代词，变间接引语时，都要做相应调整。例如：,直接引语 She said,“I am hungry.”,间接引语 She said was hungry.,直接引语 Mum said to me,“You can clean your bedroom tomorrow.”,间接引语 Mum,told me,that could clean bedroom the next day.,1.人称的变化。,“一主、二宾、三不变”,she,I,my,they,直接引语里中的人称，包括主格、宾格、还有形容词性及名词性物主,4,2.时态变化,直接引语变间接引语时，间接引语的时态要与主句的时态一致.,1）主句为现在时态（一般现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时，一般将来时，现在完成进行时），宾语从句中的时态要按直接引语中的时态不变。,He says,I,bought,you a book,yesterday,.”,He says that,he me a book,yesterday.,bought,2.时态变化 直接引语变间接引语时，间接,5,直接引语,He is saying,“I,was living,a miserable life before literature.”,直接引语 He has said,“I,live,a happy life,now,.”,间接引语,He is saying that he,a miserable life before literature.,间接引语,He has said that he a happy life,now,.”,was living,lives,直接引语 He is saying,“I was liv,6,一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时,一般将来时,一般过去时,过去完成时,过去进行时,一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成时,过去将来时,过去完成时,不变,不变,按直接引语的时态往后退一个步,一般现在时一般过去时 按直接引语的时态往后退一个步,7,注意：,1.,直接引语为客观真理永恒状态，不受时间限制，间接引语时态不变，仍用一般现在时。如：,Teacher said to us,The moon moves round the earth.,Teacher told us the moon,moves,round the earth.,The teacher said to us,“Light travels faster than sound.”,The teacher said that light,travels,faster than sound.,注意：1.直接引语为客观真理永恒状态，不受时间限制，间接,8,2.直接引语为一般过去时并且标明具体的某年或某月或某日时，间接引语仍用一般过去时。例如：,She said,I,went,to England,in 1998,.”,She said she,went,to England,in 1998.,He,said,“The story,took place,in the 1930s.”,He said that the story,took place,in the 1930s.”,2.直接引语为一般过去时并且标明具体的某年或某月或某日时，,9,3.,部分情态动词,如must,ought to,used to,had better等，时态不变,：,She said to me:“You must hurry up.”,She said that I,must,hurry up.,3.部分情态动词,如must,ought to,use,10,3.时间状语变化,a.若是现在范畴的，改后都有一个,that,today-that day tonight-that night,this week(month,etc)-that week(month,etc),但是now-then,b.若是过去范畴的，改后都有一个,before,如：yesterday-the day before last night-the night before,three days ago-three days before,the day before yesterday-two days before,c.若是将来范畴的，改后一般都有一个,the,如：tomorrow-the next day next week-the next week,但是 the day after tomorrow-in two days time,d.,若是具体的年、月、日、钟点不变,3.时间状语变化a.若是现在范畴的，改后都有一个thatt,11,11,、凡为教者必期于达到不须教。对人以诚信，人不欺我,;,对事以诚信，事无不成。,12,、首先是教师品格的陶冶，行为的教育，然后才是专门知识和技能的训练。,13,、在教师手里操着幼年人的命运，便操着民族和人类的命运。,2024/11/19,2024/11/19,19 November 2024,14,、孩子在快乐的时候，他学习任何东西都比较容易。,15,、,纪律是集体的面貌，集体的声音，集体的动作，集体的表情，集体的信念。,16,、一个人所受的教育超过了自己的智力，这样的人才有学问。,17,、好奇是儿童的原始本性，感知会使儿童心灵升华，为其为了探究事物藏下本源。,十一月 24,2024/11/19,2024/11/19,2024/11/19,11/19/2024,18,、人自身有一种力量，用许多方式按照本人意愿控制和影响这种力量，一旦他这样做，就会影响到对他的教育和对他发生作用的环境。,2024/11/19,2024/11/19,11、凡为教者必期于达到不须教。对人以诚信，人不欺我;对事以,12,4.指示代词，地点状语，动词变化,直接引语,间接引语,this,these,here,come,bring,that,those,there,go,take,4.指示代词，地点状语，动词变化直接引语间接引语thisth,13,注,：,时间、指示代词、地点状语等的变更，要根据说话的实际情况，不要机械的照搬，如：,在当天转述，yesterday,today,tomorrow等时间状语不必改变,在当地转述，here 等也不必改变,注：,14,4.句式结构上的变化,4.句式结构上的变化,15,解题步骤:,1）.陈述句变间接引语时，用that连接,that 无实际意义，可省略。例:,“I dont like computers,”,Sarah said to her friends,.,Sarah said to her friends,that,I dont like,computers.,said,didnt,she,Sarah said to her friends,that,she didnt like,computers.,Sarah,解题步骤:1）.陈述句变间接引语时，用that连接,th,16,He said:“We are good at English.”,He said(that),they were,good at English.,She said to me:“She does her homework every night.”,She told me(that,)she did,her homework every night.,高中英语-直接引语和间接引语的相互转化ppt课件-新人教,17,2）.一般疑问句，选择疑问句变间接引语时，要用陈述语气，并要加连词if或whether。,“Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?”,they asked him,They,asked,him,if /,whether,it,is,easy to improve the condition of the soil.,asked,was,They asked him,if,it was easy to improve the condition of the soil.,2）.一般疑问句，选择疑问句变间接引语时，要用陈述语气，并要,18,She asked me,Are you Mr.Li?,She asked me,if I was,Mr.Li.,He asked,“Do you speak English or French?”,He asked me whether I spoke English or French.,19,3）.特殊疑问句变间接引语要用特殊疑问词引导。,They asked him,“,When do you harvest the wheat?”,They asked him,when,you,harvest,the wheat.,he,harvested,They asked him when,he harvested,the wheat.,3）.特殊疑问句变间接引语要用特殊疑问词引导。They a,20,例如：How much have we spent on petrol this year,Susan asked her husband.,Susan asked her husband,how much they had spent,on petrol that year.,He asked me:“What time is it now?”,He asked me,what time it was then.,注意：转述问句时后面用陈述句语序。,例如：How much have we spent o,21,4）.祈使句变间接引语,是tell/asksb.(not)todosth.结构,解题步骤:,“Dont talk in class,”,the teacher said to us.,The teacher told us,Dont,not to,talk in class.,4）.祈使句变间接引语是tell/asksb.(,22,例：He said to her:“Dont take the book away,please.,He,asked her not to,take the book away.,He said to me:“Please do it again.”,He,told/asked me to,do it again.,高中英语-直接引语和间接引语的相互转化ppt课件-新人教,23,Summary,Summary,24,直接引语,间接引语,陈述句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,祈使句,that引导,if/whether 引导,原疑问词引导,ask/tell sb to do sth.,1.主句为现在时态,2.主句为过去时态,时态不变,向后退一个时态,第一人称,第二人称,第三人称,与主句主语人称一致,与主句宾语人称一致,不变,句式结构,时态,人称,其他,宾语从句,语序,疑问句,陈述句语序,直接引语间接引语陈述句that引导1.主句为现在时态时态不变,25,1.He often says“I shall tell you about them.”,He often tells me th