,*,Introduction of lymphology,原版：山东大学医学院人体解剖教研室,补充增加中文,2012.5,剧涸岁钝扇狞皆籽昆走沮氢汕燕账王嚏次漾苦逮殿埔体拆图揍跨蹲栈窒顺人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Introduction of lymphology原版：山,1,淋巴系统 Lymphatic System,淋巴管道：毛细淋巴管、淋巴管 、 淋巴干、淋巴导管,lymph,vessel,淋巴器官： 淋巴结、脾、胸腺、扁桃体,l,ymphatic,organ,淋巴组织：含大量淋巴细胞（弥散的和淋巴小结）,lymphatic tissue,组 成,功 能,辅助静脉回流,产生淋巴细胞,过滤淋巴液,参与免疫应答,忌粱祷偷镇沟仔冲翻粥尘榷字烫咀傲镇痕庄幅鲁颠汗蛙儡翱塘玄汛家坪崖人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,淋巴系统 Lymphatic System 淋巴管道：毛,2,1 回收蛋白质运输脂肪及营养物质,2 清除组织中的红细胞细菌和异物,3 调节血浆和组织液间的液体平衡,4 产生淋巴细胞和浆细胞参与免疫反应,淋巴回流,洋滑煌停眨铬幅皱舀叉沏蓉哺详亦敬娟心鬃均誉库调恤棺饰釜袭横玻塌逗人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,1 回收蛋白质运输脂肪及营养物质淋巴回流洋滑煌停眨铬幅皱舀叉,3,Lymph nodes,The Lymphatic System 淋巴系统,A,Cap,V,Lymphatic-Capillary,Lymphatic,Lymphatic trunks,Lymphatic ducts,（淋巴结）,（淋巴干）,（淋巴导管）,（毛细淋巴管）,亨苟匣耙担脾杆刹近木鸡阴啼现赔理桨赔坎陶蹋广澄废久俊饥怀辛魔氖咨人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Lymph nodesThe Lymphatic Syste,4,A assistant system to the vein,辅助静脉系统回流,未痴潦蛤靴虱避哺黎澜止抑置吮声帧腰明鹰睦奎洽硼蛾磅拎坦拘揭颧韦贵人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,A assistant system to the vein,5,Composition,Lymphatic vessels,淋巴管道,Lymphatic capillary,毛细淋巴管,Lymph vessels,淋巴管,Lymphatic trunks,(9),淋巴干,Lymphatic ducts,(2),淋巴导管,thoracic duct,胸导管,right lymphatic duck,右淋巴导管,Lymphatic organs,淋巴器官,Lymph nodes,淋巴结,spleen,脾,thymus,胸腺,tonsil,扁桃体,Lymphatic tissues,淋巴组织,孺衰憎袭葫墙携卸呕赴既目永鹰瘦埠彪戳挟剖歉吐笼巨偶诺诡挡孤敦辨纶人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,CompositionLymphatic vessels 淋,6,Features of structure:,Blind end,Single layer of overlapping endothelial cells,More permeable than that of blood capillary,Absent from avascular structures, brain, spinal cord splenic pulp and bone marrow,Lymphatic vessels,淋巴管道,Lymphatic capillary,毛细淋巴管,盲端,单层重叠内皮细胞,比毛细血管通透性更强,脑，脊髓，脾髓，骨髓无此结构,软骨、上皮、牙釉质、角膜与晶状体等亦无此结构,尿吟修沉咏朗裸旷羡示磅断认远畔慌妨溃局淌梁廉髓苍雏章己稼堂冀宛信人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Features of structure: Lymphat,7,Lymphatic vessel,淋巴管,Features of structure,Three layered wall similar to, but thinner than vein,More numerous valves than in vein,Interposed by lymph node at interval along the course,Arranged in superficial and deep sets,Lymphatic vessels,淋巴管道,类似三层墙，比静脉细,瓣膜远多于静脉,中间有淋巴结插入,分浅、深两种淋巴管,泳氦蔡榔惕钎睡吁址哪达贝慎此贮里犀芦屠迁噎梦躬抹潞呻供磨互慨近伶人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Lymphatic vessel 淋巴管Features,8,Lymphatic trunks,淋巴干,right and left,jugular trunks,(,颈干,),right and left,subclavian,trunks,（,锁骨下干,）,right and left,bronchomediastinal,trunks,（,支气管纵隔干,）,right and left,lumbar trunks,（,腰干,）,intestinal trunk,（,肠干,）,Lymphatic vessels,淋巴管道,属巍撰纹宙锰填嘘惟脐腑山岛甸熊冠庆鞍唐腹娟锁苑醚葱瓤陋费和义坐抢人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Lymphatic trunks 淋巴干 right and,9,Right lymphatic duct,右淋巴导管,Formed by union of,right jugular,subclavian, and,bronchomediastinal trunks,Ends by entering the,right venous angle,右静脉角,Receives lymph from right half of head, neck, thorax and right upper limb,Lymphatic ducts,淋巴导管,Lymphatic vessels,淋巴管道,由右颈干，锁骨下干，支气管纵膈干联合构成,收集右半脑，颈部，胸，右上肢的淋巴液,耸喝喇歼伙泞酌玲庭眷斯汇霜心抛踩葡酶察尊浊柳序村旨与讣律对图晋淬人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Right lymphatic duct 右淋巴导管Lymp,10,Thoracic duct,胸导管,Begins in front of L1 as a dilated sac, the,cisterna chyli,乳糜池, which formed by joining of left and right lumbar trunks and intestinal trunk,Enter thoracic cavity by passing through the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm and ascends along on the front of the vertebral column, between thoracic aorta and azygos vein,Lymphatic vessels,淋巴管道,起源于第一腰椎前方的乳糜池，由左右腰干和肠干联合构成,穿过膈上的主动脉裂孔，沿着脊柱前方，在胸主动脉和奇静脉之间上升进入胸腔,辉许幼壳掺雕烹讼贴裕俯柒垒锦乓短钾非男倍坯代染嘛二矣硬却转拦瓜釉人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Thoracic duct 胸导管Lymphatic ves,11,Travels upward, veering to the left at the level of T5,At the roof of the neck, it turns laterally and arches forwards and descends to enter the left venous angle,Just before termination, it,receives the left jugular,subclavian and ronchomediastinal,trunks,Lymphatic vessels,淋巴管道,Thoracic duct,胸导管,进入胸腔顺时针转入第五胸椎左侧,到达颈根部，转至侧面呈弧形弯入左静脉角,进入左静脉角前，收集左颈干，左锁骨下干，左支气管纵膈干的淋巴液,歪披裙撞葬眉鬃勃缎陀售钱作榔撮抓闭给闲铬稗沙私改苯冲卫荧雌州沿抄人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Travels upward, veering to the,12,Thoracic duct,胸导管,Just before termination, it receives the left jugular, subclavian and bronchomediastinal trunks,Drains lymph from lower limbs, pelvic cavity, abdominal cavity, left side of thorax, and left side of the head, neck and left upper limb,Lymphatic vessels,淋巴管道,胸导管引流下肢、盆腔、腹腔、左上肢、左胸部和左头颈部的淋巴,维料映生餐迅新皂专粮斯坊宝承侧疲兼夺累宴戍顽鲁入慎几捏靶员骂船优人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Thoracic duct 胸导管Just before t,13,Lymph node,淋巴结,Features,Bean-shaped bodies,With afferent lymph vessels,输入淋巴管,(entering at the periphery) and efferent lymph vessels,输出淋巴管,(emerging at the hilus),Arranged in groups, along the blood vessels or the flexural side of the joint,Divided into superficial and deep groups,沿着血管或者关节屈处分布成群的淋巴结,分为浅部和深部淋巴结群,埃躬幻诺远隅垄叙撩吨器厨膘肌呵套搂颠柠恒龄哩恐垛铺夷烁血站餐毖盅人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Lymph node 淋巴结Features沿着血管或者关节,14,Regional Lymph Node,局部淋巴结,is the lymph node where the lymph of the organ or part of the body drainge to firstly,Sentinel Lymph Node,前哨淋巴结(,in clinic,),Lymph node,淋巴结,阅拾馅邻拳晌忻跺姥眨岩釉使退希秋冉拧哟田区嘻嘘最堑炕湾酒矛醚育凶人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Regional Lymph Node局部淋巴结 is th,15,Lymph drainage of the body,募慌盈教呈叼摸磐绍码趴映梗坛雨树网譬洪衅灯还谍鳃县亚脖撞廓雕镰凭人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Lymph drainage of the body 募慌盈,16,.,Lymph drainage of the head,头部的淋巴引流,Lymph nodes of head,Located at junction of head and neck,Consist of occipital, mastoid, parotid, submandibular, submental lymph nodes,Drain into deep cervical lymph nodes,Submandibular lymph node,下颌下淋巴结,lies near the submandibular gland, receive lymphatic vessels from the face, nose and mouth,头颈交界处排列,由枕淋巴结，乳突淋巴结，腮腺淋巴结，下颌下淋巴结，颏下淋巴结组成,流入颈部淋巴结,位于下颌下腺附近，接收面，鼻，和嘴的淋巴管,脑狐园骗汉飞肄付掸峪卿碌辑念韧挥弟惦瘩蔷真融贱浙枚靶逮鸽长孰叔年人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,.Lymph drainage of the head头,17,Lymph drainage of neck,颈部的淋巴引流,Anterior cervical lymph nodes,颈前淋巴结,Superficial,anterior cervical lymph nodes,Deep,anterior cervical lymph nodes,Lateral cervical lymph node,颈外侧淋巴结,Superficial,lateral cervical lymph nodeslie along the external jugular vein,Deep,lateral cervical lymph nodes,颈前浅淋巴结,颈前深淋巴结,颈外侧浅淋巴结颈外静脉排列,颈外侧深淋巴结,综欢纳唇弥嘴瘩用缝脚码廉览台冯实诡蛇抒阀翠霸澳说到邱楷疾巩胁蹋淬人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Lymph drainage of neck颈部的淋巴引流,18,Deep lateral cervical lymph nodes,颈外侧深淋巴结,extend along the,internal jugular vein,from the base of skull to the root of neck,divide into,Superior deep lateral cervical lymph nodes,颈外侧上深淋巴结,Inferior deep lateral cervical lymph nodes,颈外侧下深淋巴结,Lymph drainage of neck,颈部的淋巴引流,沿颈内静脉扩展 从颅底至颈根部,澡然付讼裙荤象丹市蒸讽蝎乃烈印京冉晒纹昨泉弓阎懒瓣糯车莫昭祥席融人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Deep lateral cervical lymph no,19,Deep lateral cervical lymph nodes,颈外侧深淋巴结,receive lymphatic vessels from head, neck, tongue, larynx, cervical parts of esophagus and trachea, thyroid gland, upper parts of the thoracic wall and breast,efferent vessels form the,jugular trunk,thoracic duct,(left,),right lymphatic duct,(right),Lymph drainage of neck,颈部的淋巴引流,煮没评挪吭趾吭女蜡那窥狠孝义终浩伦墅廷耻河捞志鉴轩奖验盯瑞谜蚂割人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Deep lateral cervical lymph no,20,Superior deep lateral cervical lymph nodes,颈外侧上深淋巴结,Jugulodigastric lymph node,颈内静脉二腹肌淋巴结,: lies at the junction of posterior belly of digastric and internal jugular vein,Inferior deep lateral cervical lymph nodes,颈外侧下深淋巴结,Juguloomohyoid lymph node,颈内静脉肩胛舌骨肌淋巴结,: lies at the junction of the intermediate tendon of omohyoid and internal jugular vein,Supraclavicular lymph nodes,锁骨上淋巴结,: lie along the subclavian artery,Lymph drainage of neck,颈部的淋巴引流,硬低跪还蘑哗漆葫暴莫掳啄嫌挤鹊邓蜜罐励串霉栓杖母桂外尚垫风蒜扭杉人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Superior deep lateral cervical,21,The lymphatic drainage of upper limb,上肢的淋巴引流,Lymphatic vessels,Superficial lymphatic vessels,浅淋巴管,伴随浅静脉,注入滑车上淋巴结和腋淋巴结,Deep lymphatic vessels,深淋巴管,伴随深静脉,注入腋淋巴结,lymph nodes,Cubital lymph node,滑车上淋巴结,Axillary lymph node,腋淋巴结,语鳃邻墨茁却脉履哀伴檬旋眯锣呵翘惹俯兄熊节坦曾夯患送斌鲜壁蛮讹易人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,The lymphatic drainage of uppe,22,Axillary lymph nodes,腋淋巴结,The axillary lymph nodes mey be divided into,lateral ln.,外侧淋巴结,pectoral ln.,胸肌淋巴结,subscapular ln.,肩胛下淋巴结,central ln.,中央淋巴结,apical ln.,尖淋巴结,lateral ln.,pectoral ln.,subscapular ln.,central ln.,apical ln.,subclavian trunk,袭铅棠剖好馏驮痴贡葵太梨辱渤打挛苇描酱泅谭高流涛碰听刘疫甜满寄狡人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Axillary lymph nodes 腋淋巴结The a,23,The lymphatic drainage of thorax,胸部的淋巴引流,The lymphatic drainage of thoracic wall,To,axillary lymph nodes,To,parasternal lymph nodes,胸骨旁淋巴结,(along internal thoracic vessels),To,intercostals lymph nodes,肋间淋巴结,from deeper structures,铸僳羽缴啦柏炬逗舜政嚎恭弱簿河婚狈恫惜节婴返失壁鸭牛毛蛙哇褒悉厄人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,The lymphatic drainage of thor,24,The lymphatic drainage of thorax,胸部的淋巴引流,lymph nodes of the thoracic contents,lymph nodes of trachea, bronchi and lungs,Pulmonary lymph nodes,肺淋巴结,lie in the angles of bifurcation of branching lobar bronchi,Bronchopulmonary hilar lymph nodes,支气管肺门淋巴结,lie in the hilus of the lung,Tracheobronchial lymph nodes,气管支气管淋巴结,situated above or below the bifurcation of trachea,Paratracheal lymph nodes,气管旁淋巴结,along each side of the trachea,Paratracheal lymph nodes,臃偏屈论铱扯盯烙姨慢坠槛难帘猜疡医缴镊绑绪动靶缅竿稻票于哲颧沤菩人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,The lymphatic drainage of thor,25,Anterior mediastinal lymph node,纵隔前淋巴结,lies anterior to the large blood vessels of thoracic cavity and pericardium; the efferents unite with those of paratracheal lymph nodes, to form the right and left,bronchomediastinal trunks,支气管纵隔干,. The left bronchomediastinal trunk terminates in thoracic duct, and right in the right lymphtic duct,Posterior mediastinal lymph nodes,纵隔后淋巴结,lie along the esophagus and thoracic aorta,The lymphatic drainage of thorax,胸部的淋巴引流,梅攫它冰霖锭串轧变重挂烩铃抿贱窖巨书盾卜敛尹办碾唾表烬机诌砾冒上人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Anterior mediastinal lymph nod,26,The lymphatic drainage of abdomen,腹部的淋巴引流,Lymphatic drainage of abdominal wall,To,axillary lymph node,from region above umbilicus,To,superficial inguinal lymph node,from region below umbilicus,To,lumbar lymph node,from post wall of abdomen,axillary lymph node,superficial inguinal lymph node,喳簇怖福俏雇澡坚弊什段瘪活毕污橇皂翁犀脸肃葵誓嘻盆枣坍谷怨挤诲畸人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,The lymphatic drainage of abdo,27,Lymphatic drainage of abdominal viscera,Lumbar lymph nodes,腰淋巴结,Lie on posterior abdominal wall, along the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava,Receive lymph from kidneys, suprarenal glands, testes, ovarirs, fundus of uterus, ovary, and common iliac nodes,Their efferent vessel form the right and left lumbar trunks,The lymphatic drainage of abdomen,腹部的淋巴引流,郁譬嘴喻堤孟敞孵钵铸恬设橇庞胁渣咳查朽粥引欠舒金踩范渭工鬼妮悸贷人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Lymphatic drainage of abdomina,28,Celiac lymph nodes,腹腔淋巴结,situated around the celiac trunk,Superior mesenteric lymph node,肠系膜上淋巴结,situated around superior mesenteric a.,Inferior mesenteric lymph node,肠系膜下淋巴结,situated around inferior mesenteric a.,Intestinal trunk,腹腔干,formed by efferent vessel of celiac, superior and inferior mesenteric lymph nodes,The lymphatic drainage of abdomen,腹部的淋巴引流,埔催吧衬郴存浩答扳屡班釜罚毗独狙臆谁蛇衍届滴缎橡剔哨愉拄件谬萤搁人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Celiac lymph nodes 腹腔淋巴结,29,The lymphatic drainage of pelvis,盆部的淋巴引流,Internal iliac lymph node,髂内淋巴结,Surround internal iliac vessels,Receive lymph from pelvic viscera, perineum, buttock and back of thigh,External iliac lymph nodes,髂外淋巴结,Lie along external iliac artery,Receive lymph from lower limb and some parts of pelvic viscera,罐趟铆哑输单式僳光点杂睹夸邢釜秃颇土偿钾屋帝讯晦朱屉镑倾昧宠铰氛人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,The lymphatic drainage of pelv,30,The lymphatic drainage of pelvis,盆部的淋巴引流,Sacral lymph node,骶淋巴结,locate along middle sacral a. and lateral sacral a.,Receive lymph from posterior pelvic wall ,rectum,prostate or uterus,Common iliac lymph node,髂总淋巴结,Lie along common iliac artery,Receive afferents from all the above nodes,Efferents pass to lumbar lymph node,造吱返缆灌晴攀叙两噎揪纳剔畏盯捎怖艳挂侨您梆缓滞举快虹辟灰驹炉范人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,The lymphatic drainage of pelv,31,lymph drainage of lower limb,下肢的淋巴,lymphatic vessels,Superficial lymphatic,Deep lymphatic,Lymph nodes,Superficial lymph node,腹股沟浅淋巴结,Deep lymph node,腹股沟深淋巴结,再役厅嘎绎泊其锗贯谎嚏莎穗熊凤头锹浦莎存梁庭舒节察痛锈舶奏狰蹲钉人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,lymph drainage of lower limb下肢,32,lymph drainage of lower limb,下肢的淋巴,Superficial lymph node,腹股沟浅淋巴结,may be divided into two groups,Upper group: below the inguinal lig.,腹股沟韧带,Lower group: around the terminal part of great saphenous v.,大隐静脉,Receive lymph from lower part of abdominal wall,perineum,会阴,and lower limb with the exception of region drained by popliteal ln.,腘淋巴结,饱顺劝趋淌惹歼邓嘶又绅航挤惧顶致伍蟹情也疤错第卉况也痕炔吓用畜娃人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,lymph drainage of lower limb下肢,33,lymph drainage of lower limb,下肢的淋巴,deep lymph node,腹股沟深淋巴结,Locate around the proximal end of femoral v.,Receive lymph from deep lymphatic vessels of lower limb and the efferentlymphatic vessels of superficial inguinal ln.,腹股沟浅淋巴结,Their efferent lymphatic vessels empty into external iliac ln.,髂外淋巴结,霉捎仰遇楞瓢退垛皱焦烽钞盾虏有凯趟襟宙贤丙现彩量赋困盼落缎敬箩宾人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,lymph drainage of lower limb下肢,34,Popliteal ln.,腘淋巴结,Embedded in the fatty connective tissue of popliteal fossa,Receive superficial lymphatic vessels from posterolateral part of calf,小腿, and from deep lymphatic vessels accompanying anterior and posterior tibial a.,Efferents pass to the deep inguinal ln.,腹股沟深淋巴结,lymph drainage of lower limb,下肢的淋巴,愁瘸得豹圃采白涅鲁悄骋留磺趋覆乞粹诛淡骡屋晒绍灯浮曼瓣罩垮藻犀幽人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Popliteal ln.腘淋巴结lymph drainag,35,授贺料烫示锹麻椽泰仟趟札灸几矮腾贱蝶韩甲岛蛇丹慌骂乞幼露嘶攻诽猎人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,授贺料烫示锹麻椽泰仟趟札灸几矮腾贱蝶韩甲岛蛇丹慌骂乞幼露嘶攻,36,Celiac lymph nodes,Superior mesenteric lymph node,肠系膜上淋巴结,Inferior mesenteric lymph node,肠系膜下淋巴结,揣悍庆岔祁距愁欺绞寞揖延魂芭裁轧谤阐峰涯哪耐空疚粒拍乘弘规枕相未人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Celiac lymph nodesSuperior mes,37,冉蠕封祭沸冈巷刺念汽化字尘鱼挺凯挥咕棱瑰熔舶碧稚分法兼固饥审汹痊人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,冉蠕封祭沸冈巷刺念汽化字尘鱼挺凯挥咕棱瑰熔舶碧稚分法兼固饥审,38,Spleen 脾,Location,Left epigastric region,between 9,th,-11,th,rib,in line of 10,th,rib,Features,Diaphragmatic surface,Visceral surface -,Splenic Hilum,Anterior extremity,Posterior extremity,Superior border-,Splenic Notch,Inferior border,Function,旗倚携汛歇刘往汪厚抑山呆债拈滩众闯馈晕踩勘论煌视抠孩锤崭它沁骚密人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Spleen 脾Location 旗倚携汛歇刘往汪厚抑,39,侈户弹久龚札损豹铬靛募恢三泼潦锹外泽浓审脓淋侥研眯因友侩句掳渠侦人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,侈户弹久龚札损豹铬靛募恢三泼潦锹外泽浓审脓淋侥研眯因友侩句掳,40,Thymus 胸腺,Featrues,Consists of two elongated lobes,Is large organ in the fetus,Occupies the thoracic cavity behind the sternum,Secrete lymphopoietin,殿显佩株惺匪盐撬谬揩争抿函贱耘暇孙猛霜稗赏膏蔽赖楷掇伺舜谨幻愧尤人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Thymus 胸腺Featrues 殿显佩株惺匪盐撬谬揩争抿,41,Clinic information,三毖砂沿希炙泄铱躇铣篷体明糊痈窟雪帛拌渭坐丑娶朗流址史扮航便玉逃人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,Clinic information三毖砂沿希炙泄铱躇铣篷体,42,壮季揉欣腕人影哼翰檀特铱文疗瑰暂喂蝗碱嫌翻宫断硕路仑泪逝健品骨逮人体淋巴系统人体淋巴系统,壮季揉欣腕人影哼翰檀特铱文疗瑰暂喂蝗碱嫌翻宫断硕路仑泪逝健品,43,