单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2012/8/27,#,三大从句概述,三大从句概述,1,I.,简单句的基本结构：主语,+,谓语,II.,谓语动词的基本特征：,1,）唯一性,2,）能看出时间,III.,什么是从句？,“从”说明其地位并不是特别的重要，往往不是一个句子最核心的部分。尤其是状语从句和定语从句。,如,He got home,when his father called him,.,He lost the book,which I bought him last week.,He said,that the book belonged to his grandpa.,I.简单句的基本结构：主语+谓语II.谓语动词的基本特征,2,“句”说明它们与正常的简单句一样有着自己的主语和谓语，是一个完整的有意义的句子。主语在前，谓语在后，即所谓的“陈述句语序,”.,如,This is the museum,which we paid a visit last summer.,He got missing,while he was walking in the forest.,My mother asked me,whether I had used her car.,从句的分类：,状语从句,定语从句,主语从句,宾语从句,名词性从句 表语从句,同位语从句,三大从句的共同特点：,结构类似,-,引导词,+,主谓结构,状语从句和定语从句都属于修饰成分，所以可以去掉。,陈述句语序,“句”说明它们与正常的简单句一样有着自己的主语和谓语，是一个,3,性质,功能,引导词,定语从句,形容词,定语（描述某物、某事或某人的特征或者状态）,that,which,as,whose,who,whom,where,when,why,状语从句,副词,状语（描述动作发生的方式、时间、地点等等等等）,when,while,because,as soon as,unless,until,before,after,名词性从句,名词,主语、宾语、表语、同位语,所有的疑问词，以及,that,if,whether,性质功能引导词定语从句形容词定语（描述某物、某事或某人的特征,4,判断从句,引导词,+,主语,+,谓语,1.,寻找谓语动词,2.,寻找引导词,He got home,when his father called him,.,He lost the book,which I bought him last week.,He said,that the book belonged to his grandpa,判断从句 He got home when his,5,定语从句,性质：等同于形容词,an interesting book=a book which is interesting,a sad girl=a girl who is sad,a flying kite=a kite which is flying,功能：描述,某物或某人,的特征（如上面的三个例子）,描述,某事,特征，如,He failed in the exam,which made his parents very angry.,Changjiang is the longest river in China,as is known to everybody.,As you know,watching too much TV might do harm to childrens eyes.,定语从句,6,考查热点：,介词提前（介词,+which,，介词,+where,，介词,+whom,）,If you want to challenge yourself,you can climb onto the top of the mountain,from where you can have a good view of the whole city.,We got 12 gold medals,8 of which were won by women athletes.,2.,只能使用,that,的情况（不定代词,+,定语从句，最高级修饰名词,+,定语从句，,the very/the only,修饰名词,+,定语从句）,This passage is the only way that leads to the toilet.,He is the very person that we are looking for.,3.way,后接定语从句（,that,或,in which,或者省略）,如：我不喜欢喜欢你跟王老师说话的样子。,I dont like the way _ you talk to Mr.Wang.,你能告诉我他们解决问题的方法吗？,Can you tell me the way _ they solved the problem?,考查热点：,7,4.point,case,situation,stage,occasion,连接,where,所引导的定语从句。如,We are now in a stage where we have no rights at all.,Help will be offered in certain cases where people find it hard to raise enough money.,During the Spring Festival,there are some occasions where people send best wishes to friends and relatives.,5.,只有缺少状语的时候才会用,where,when,why,引导定语从句。如,I still remember the days _ we spent together.,This path leads to the house _ we visited yesterday.,6.as,引导的定语从句，常见于,as you know,as is known to,as has been expected,as is reported.,The sea will become terribly rough when there is a typhoon,as is known to all of us.,36 people lost their lives in that accident,as has been reported on TV.,4.point,case,situation,sta,8,状语从句：,性质：副词,功能：描述,动作,发生的环境、状态，或让步假设等,The rain poured down when we started the picnic.,Grass grows very well wherever there is sunshine.,He refused to tell the truth,no matter how hard we begged him to.,Please remove those bricks which are too old when necessary.,引导词：不同的功能下会有不同的引导词，繁多但易于记忆，不是难点。,考点：,1.,状语从句中用一般式表示将来,。,如：,Mr.Zhang will come to his parents rescue,whenever they get in trouble.,The bird wont fly away,unless you open the cage,.,状语从句：,9,2.sothat,结构的倒装（仅仅只是发生在主句，状语从句中不倒装）,如：,The food was so delicious that we ate it up like hungry wolves.,-,So delicious was the food that we ate it up like hungry wolves.,3.,“,no matter+,疑问词”引导让步状语从句,=,“疑问词,ever,”引导的让步状语从句,No matter how much money he makes,he wont share it with his family.,=However much money he makes,he wont share it with his family.,No matter where you are,you wont forget your mother tongue.,=Wherever you are,you wont forget your mother tongue.,2.sothat 结构的倒装（仅仅只是发生在主句，状语从,10,名词性从句,性质：名词性,分类依据,-,从句在整个大句子中充当什么成分,What I like,the most is reading.,Reading is,what I like the most,.,He dont care,what I like the most.,Reading,what I like the most,is now becoming much more popular with the invention of e-books.,引导词：最为广泛，所有的疑问词，以及,that,，,if,，,whether,名词性从句引导词：最为广泛，所有的疑问词，以及that，if,11,考查热点：,引导词的选择,依据：从句中缺少什么信息就使用什么引导词,易错,what,？,which,？,where,？,what,？,who,？,Sanxi,_ is my hometown,is a bit far from Yangxin.,Few people would like to be teachers,_ is now a hard job.,what,what,考查热点：whatwhat,12,分析下列从句的引导词，你知道他们各自在从句里所充当的是什么成分吗？,What,he says is not right.,What,makes me happy is your arrival.,I dont know,what,kind of person he is.,My hometown is no longer,what,it used to be.,There are so many books on the desk that I dont know,which,（,one,）,I should choose.,He is on longer,who,he was.,Can you tell me,who,built this tower?,Please tell me,whom,he is talking to now.,When,we will hold the meeting is a secret.,Where,we will hold the meeting is a secret.,How,we will cooperate with them is still being under discussion.,How old,he is is not a question now.,Do you know,how many,books there are in the box?,What,在从句里做主语、宾语、定语、表语,which,定，主、宾或表，最重要的是必须表示“其中之一”,who,在从句里做主语，表语，或宾语,whom,在从句里做宾语,when,时间状语,where,地点状语