第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,English for Mathematics,授 课 人,：刘玲,办 公 室,：小营 图书馆703,研究生,数 学 专 业 英 语 English for Mathematics,北京信息科技大学 理学院,授 课 人：刘玲研究生 数 学 专 业 英 语 En,邮箱,：,umnliu,考核方式,：,平时：课堂10%, 作业10%, 论文翻译20%.,期末：60%.,论文翻译要求：,翻译自己导师的一篇英文论文. 导师相同的同学不可翻译同一篇论文.,第五周上交，提交时需附上论文原文.,邮箱：umnliu考核方式：论文翻译要求：,为什么要学习数学专业英语？,数学学科发展需要：20世纪90年代计算机科学技术的迅速发展宣告了人类信息时代的到来。数学，这个古老而又优雅的学科获得了新的发展动力和发挥作用的舞台。,现在国际数学教育与研究交流日益频繁，很多最新的研究成果是以英文形式呈现的。专业人员需要有阅读翻译英语，甚至用英文写作论文的能力。对于学习数学的学生和准备从事数学研究的人员，在掌握了公共英语的基本,知识的基础上，如果希望较快地掌握阅读英文版数学教程和科研资料的基本方法，进一步学习数学专业英语是必须的。,为什么要学习数学专业英语？数学学科发展需要：20世纪90年,由于数学内容的英语表达有其特殊性，阅读时不仅要靠个人在公共英语上的基本功，而且还要靠数学基本知识的掌握及其运用的能力。,由于数学内容的英语表达有其特殊性，阅读时不仅要,开设本课程目的,1、为数学专业研究生,阅读,数学英文文章和,发表,数学英文文章打基础，同时扩大学生英语知识面, 为相关专业的研究生做英语保温和一定的强化。,2、掌握数学专业词汇，培养快速阅读数学专业英语的能力;了解数学的学科分类，英文学术论文摘要的检索，数学文章的英译汉和汉译英的技巧等。,开设本课程目的1、为数学专业研究生阅读数学英文文章和发表数学,3、能用英语书写文章摘要、学术会议通知、学术交流信件等。同时培养英语,会话,或者用英语,讲授,数学知识的能力。4、为优秀学生继续深造/出国留学奠定数学专业英语的基础，同时让大部分同学了解数学专业英语与生活英语的区别，为今后走上工作岗位，特别是服务于IT业或外资企业有独当一面的能力。,3、能用英语书写文章摘要、学术会议通知、学术交流信件等。同时,学习本课程的基本要求：,1、认真自学好教材，并勾画出学习重点。, 要 内 容,基本概念、定理等常用、基本表达方法主 要 内 容,本课程主要讲解：,精选课文,：,1、理解数学专业文章和一般英语文章写作的,不同；,2、掌握数学的主要不同专业文章中的基本术语和普遍,常用词汇，以及英文习作的一般习惯等。,专业文选,：,1、掌握数学英语专业文献和普通英语文章,的不同；,2、了解专业文献方面知识。,英文数学论文写作基础,：,掌握英文论文的基本写作,格式、用词和符号等方面的规范。,查阅文献基本知识,：,1、了解文献查阅是做科研必不可少的能力；,2、掌握关键词索引查阅办法、学科分类查阅等办法。,本课程主要讲解：精选课文：1、理解数学专业文章和一般英语文章,热身活动: 将下面的定理翻译成英语,Rolls Theorem,If a real-valued function,f,is,continuous on a closed interval ,a,b,differentiable,in the open interval (,a,b,),and,f,(,a,),= f,(,b,),then there exists a,x,in the open interval (,a,b,) such that,f,(,x,) = 0.,罗尔定理,如果实函数,f,在闭区间,a,b,上连续,在开区间 (,a,b,)内可导,并且,f,(,a,),= f,(,b,),那么在开区间 (,a,b,) 至少有一点,x,使得,f ,(,x,) = 0 .,热身活动: 将下面的定理翻译成英语Rolls Theore,1加：用and ,plus , added to 等词表示。,2 4 6 可译为：,Two and four is six .,Two plus four is equal to six .,Two added to four equals six .,Two and four makes six .,Two plus four will be six .,If you add two to four , you get six .,基本数学符号的表示法：,1加：用and ,plus , added to 等词表示,2减：用minus, taken from, subtracted from 等表示。,83=5 可译为：,Eight minus three is five .,Eight minus three is equal to five .,Three taken from eight leaves five .,Three subtracted from eight leaves five .,Take three from eight and the remainder is five .,2减：用minus, taken from, subtra,3乘：用multiplyby/ multiplied by / times 等表示。,3 5 = 15可译为：,Multiply three by five is (gives) fifteen .,Three multiplied by five is fifteen .,Multiply three by five , you get fifteen .,Three times five is (makes, will be , equals, is equal to ) fifteen .,3乘：用multiplyby/ multipl,4除：用divideby/ divided by / divideinto / into 等表示。,24 8 = 3 可译为：,Twenty-four divided by eight makes (is , equals ) three .,Twenty-four divided by eight is equal to three .,Eight into twenty-four goes three times .,Divide eight into twenty-four, and you get three .,Divide twenty-four by eight, and you get three .,4除：用divideby/ divided b,常用标点符号 ：, period 句号,， comma 逗号,： colon 冒号,； semicolon 分号,！ exclamation 惊叹号,？ question mark 问号,. ellipsis 省略号, tandem colon 双点号, ditto 同上,常用标点符号 ： period 句号,常用标点符号 ：, parallel 双线号, virgule 斜线号, ampersand = and, swung dash 代字号, section,; division 分节号, arrow 箭号；参见号, plus ；positive 加号；正号, minus；negative 减号；负号, plus or minus 正负号,常用标点符号 ： parallel 双线号,常用标点符号 ：, is multiplied by 乘号, is divided by 除号, is equal to 等于号, is not equal to 不等于号, is equivalent to 全等于号, is equal to or approximately equal to 等于或约等于号, is approximately equal to 约等于号, is less than 小于号, is more than 大于号,常用标点符号 ： is multiplied b,常用标点符号 ：, is not less than 不小于号, is not more than 不大于号, is less than or equal to 小于或等于号, is more than or equal to 大于或等于号, percent 百分之, permille 千分之, infinity 无限大号, varies as 与成比例,(square) root 平方根,常用标点符号 ： is not less th,常用标点符号 ：,: ratio and,proportion 比例 (be to, a:b, the ratio of a to b), angle 角, semicircle 半圆, circle 圆, circumference 圆周, pi 圆周率, triangle 三角形, perpendicular to 垂直于,常用标点符号 ：: ratio and pro,常用标点符号 ：, union of 并，合集, intersection of 交，通集, the integral of 的积分, (sigma) summation of 总和, degree 度, minute 分, second 秒, number 号, Celsius system 摄氏度, at 单价,常用标点符号 ： union of 并，合集,常用标点符号 ：,( ),parentheses/prensiz;round brackets 圆括号, square brckets 方括号, braces 大括号,(a+b) open parenthesis(左括号) a plus b close,parenthesis (右括号) /the quantity a plus b,(a+b)(a-b) a plus b into(乘) a minus b,常用标点符号 ：( ) paren,Pronunciation of Mathematical Expressions,The pronunciations of the most common mathe-matical expressions are given in the list below.,Logic,Pronunciation of Mathematical,Sets,Sets,Real Numbers,Real Numbers,Real Numbers,Real Numbers,Real Numbers,Real Numbers,Real Numbers,Real Numbers,Linear Algebra,Linear Algebra,Functions,Functions,Functions,Functions,数学符号的读法,1、希腊字母的读法与写法,数学符号的读法 1、希腊字母的读法与写法,数学专业英语-第一讲-基础知识与基本特点课件,数学专业英语-第一讲-基础知识与基本特点课件,数学专业英语-第一讲-基础知识与基本特点课件,2、数字,1/2 a half / one half,1/4 a quarter(fourth)或one quarter(fourth),1/1234 one over a thousand two hundred and thirty-four,4/5 four fifths或four over five,113/300 one hundred and thirteen over three hundred,2、数字1/2 a half / one,two and seven over eight或two and seven eighths,o point one或zero point one,two point three five,four point nine recurring,three point nought three two six, two six recurring,two and seven over eight或two a,20,o,twenty degrees,6 six minutes; six feet,10” ten seconds; ten inches,2% two percent,5 five permille,20o twenty degrees,3. 符号与表达式,ab a plus b; (positive),ab a minus b; (negative),ab a plus or minus b,ab a multiplied by b; (times),ab a divided by b;,a:b the ratio of a to b,3. 符号与表达式ab a plus b; (po,a=b a is equal to b; a equals b,ab a is not equal to b; a is not b,ab a is greater than b,ab a is less than b,ab a is greater than or equal to b,ab a is less than or equal to b,ab a is identically equal to b; a is of identity to b,a=b a is equal to b; a e,a is approximately equal to b,a is congruent to b,a to the power p,square root of a,cube root of a,n th root of a,the absolute value of a,factorial n,a is approximately equal to b,exponential function (to the base e)of x,logarithm to the base a of x,the integral part of x,real part of z,imaginary part of z,modulus of z,argument of z,conjugate of z,exponential function (to the b,function f of x,y is a function of x,increment of x; delta x,total differential of the function f,derivative of the function f with respect to x,value at a of the derivative of the function f,function f of x,n th derivative of the function f with respect to x,partial derivative of the function f with respect to x, where f is a function of x and another variable (or variables),an indefinite integral of the function f,definite integral of the function f from a to b,x approaches the limit a,n th derivative of the functio,b prime,b double prime,b triple prime,b sub m,x dot,x two dots,b prime,because; since,therefore,for all; for every,there is a; there exists,round brackets; parentheses,square brackets,braces,because; since,p implies q,p is equivalent to q; p if and only if q,x is (not) a member of the set X,set A is (not) contained in set X,union of sets X and Y,intersection of sets X and Y,differences of sets X and Y,p implies q,练习,Six times five equals thirty;,Six multiplied by five is equal to thirty;,Six multiplied by five makes/ make thirty,65=30,练习 65=30,v equals s divided by t;,v is s over t,v equals s divided by t;,127+3,twelve is greater than seven plus three,127+3twelve is greater than s,5,2,=25：,The second power of 5 is 25;,5 square is 25;,The square of 5 is 25;,5 to the second power is equal to 25,52=25：The second power of 5 is,The square root of 4 is /equals plus or minus 2,The square root of 4 is /e,a plus b minus c multiplied by d, all,divided by e equals f,a plus b minus c multiplied by,456723=198余13,Twenty-three into four thousand five hundred and sixty-seven goes one hundred and ninety-eight times, and thirteen remainder.,456723=198余13Twenty-three int,数学专业英语的基本特点,特点一：注意对客观事实与真理的描述,语句时态常用一般现在时,数学教程和科研文献通常以叙述方式介绍概念和成果，并以论证的方法推导有关的结论，包括定理、引理和推论的证明。这些内容的正确性与特定的时间无关。,但在数学史的相关专题报告中，为了强调某个历史事件发生的时间，也会根据实际需要采用过去时或一般完成时。,数学专业英语的基本特点,被动语态出现频率高, “It is ”句型使用的多被动语态和无人称句型适合于强调客观事实和行为效果本身，而不强调行为的执行者。,主动语态句型也多数用于强调事实,，而不是强调行为发出者及其感情,例. Given,e, 0, there exists a positive number,N,such that |,a,n,a,| 0, 存在一个正数,N,使得|,a,n,a,|,e,对所有的,n,N,都成立.,被动语态出现频率高, “It is ”句型使用的多被动,例2. Since,h,(,x,) is harmonic on a neighborhood of,B,(,a,r,), we have,译文: 因为,h,(,x,)在某个邻域,B,(,a,r,)内调和, 故,例2. Since h(x) is harmonic on,非限定动词使用频率高,非限定动词包括不定式，分词(现在分词、过去分词)和动名词，常用来代替从句以达到精炼要求。,其他,简化表达形式,也较常出现,为了精炼，还常使用名词性单词、词组和其他简化表达形式。,特点二：科学内容的完整性与表达形式的精炼性,有比较多的从句,主要是因为定语从句、状语从句、同位语使用较多，导致很多句子较长。,非限定动词使用频率高 特点二：科学内容的完整性与表达,integer diameter differential triangle fractal homeomorphic,整数 直径 微分 三角形 分形 同胚的,特点三：典型的数学专业性,数学符号、公式和图表随处可见,专业术语经常出现,integer diameter differential,半专业词汇多,多学科使用、但在不同学科含义不同的单词或词组.,例如，functional a. 功能的、起作用的,n. 泛函,power 能力、体力 权力,动力、电力 功率、倍率,幂、乘方,set 令、假定,集合,半专业词汇多,以数学家名字命名的术语：Jacobian(雅克比行列式），Laplacian(拉普拉斯算符)，,派生词：irregularity（非正则性）、inhomogeneous,（非齐次的）、idempotence（幂等性）,Icosahedral，heptagon(七边形） heliciods,Algebra(代数)，geometry(几何)，trigonometry,（三角学），isosceles triangles（等腰三角形）等,合成词：right-handed(system)右手系,jump-function(跳跃函数),4.,数学词汇的形式多样、数量庞大,以数学家名字命名的术语：Jacobian(雅克比行列式），L,5.,表示条件、推理根据的句型相对固定,用if, when, as为连接词的条件从句,例,The function,f,(,x,) approaches infinity as,x,tends to zero.,译文：当,x,趋于0时，函数,f,(,x,)趋于.,用with短语表示条件或补充条件,例,Suppose,D,is an open set with its closure in,G,.,译文：假定,D,是一个开集，且其闭包在,G,中.,用such that为连接词的从句表示条件或补充条件,例,Suppose,f,(,x,) is a function on a domain,D,such that,|,f,(,x,) | ,M,for all,x,D, where,M,is a constant.,译文：假定,f,(,x,)是区域,D,上的一个函数, 使得对所有的,x,D, |,f,(,x,) | 0且,b,0 and,b,0 and,b,0 and,b,0 and,b, 0, 存在一个数,d,0, 使得只要|,x,x,0,|,d,就有,|,f,(,x,),f,(,x,0,)| 0, there exists a number,d,0, such that |,f,(,x,),f,(,x,0,)| ,e,whenever,|,x,x,0,| 0 .,事先任意取定的量,(4),逻辑符号的使用,表示某一个结论成立的范围,例,对取定的,e, 0, 存在,d,0, 使得|,f,(,x,),f,(,x,0,)| ,e,对所有满足|,x,x,0,| 0, there exists,d,0, such that,|,f,(,x,),f,(,x,0,)| ,e,for all,x,with,|,x,x,0,|,d,.,(4) 逻辑符号的使用表示某一个结论成立的范围,本讲课外作业：,Prepare a presentation to introduce your major in detail,本讲课外作业：Prepare a presentation,