单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,*,-,*,高,中,英语语法填空Rational Cloze,解题技巧,1,-,高中英语语法填空Rational Cloze解题技巧1,Learning goals:,1.To learn some rules and skills about the rational cloze.,2.To improve the students ability of the rational cloze by mastering some skills and doing exercises.,2,-,Learning goals:1.To learn som,Whats the usual way you fulfill the task,rational cloze,?,三步完成:,概读理解 分析填空 连贯检查,语 法,词法,句法,章法,惯用法,思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎样入手呢?,3,-,Whats the usual way you fulfi,虚词,冠词,a,an,the,介词,in,at,on,with,without,for,by,from,before,after,through,over,under.,并列连词,(连接并列句),并列关系：,and,or,either.or,neither.nor,not only.but(also),both.and,转折关系：,but,yet,因果关系：,for,so,Test points(考点)：,4,-,虚词冠词a,an,the介词in,at,on,wi,从,句,引,导,词,定语从句,关系代词,关系副词,which,that,who(m),as,whose,when,where,why,名词性从句,连接词,that,whether,if,连接代词,what(ever),who(ever),连接副词,when,where,why,how,状语从句,从属连词,when,while,as,since,until,where,because,although,though,if,so that,such that,before,after.,5,-,从定语从句关系代词关系副词which,that,who(,实词,Test points(考点)：,动词,谓语动词：时态，语态,主谓一致,非谓语动词：-ing，-ed，to do,及变形,名词,单复数,形容词/副词,比较级、最高级；反义词,词性转换,6,-,实词Test points(考点)：动词谓语动词：时态，语态,Task,1,:题型解读,思考：,高,中,英语试卷语法填空以什么方式出题？,1.,挖空,处要求填入适当的单词。,2.,设,题方式分为,和,_,10,纯空格型,有提示词型,7,-,Task 1:题型解读思考：高中英语试卷语法填空以什么方式,语法填空题,空格设计,纯空格,有提示词,给出了动词的试题,词类词义转换题,谓语动词，非谓语动词,名词，形容词，副词，,形容词或副词的比较级,或最高级,代词(pronoun)、冠词(article)、介词(prep.)、情态动词(modal verbs)、连词(conj,.,)或,从句,引导词,8,-,语法填空题空格设计纯空格有提示词给出了动词的试题词类词义,一、纯空格试题的解题技巧,9,-,9-,冠词或(物主)代词,无提示词,1,.There once were a goat and a donkey.So the farmer killed 40_ goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.,2,.When I see,the,child,in the shop,I think of,Lucy,.,Sh,e was 35_ shy,and beautiful girl,.,3,.The little boy pulled 33_ right hand out of the pocket,4.,I can send a message to Ken whenever I want to,and _ gets there almost in a second.,the,a,his,考点,归纳,:,(1-3,),名词前面,若没有限定词（定冠词，不定冠词，形容词性物主代词，不定代词),很可能考查,限定词,。,(4),主句缺主语或宾语，,很可能考查,代词。,讨论归纳,it,10,-,冠词或(物主)代词 无提示词1.There once we,介词,无提示词,与名词相连构成介宾短语担任状语,补语等,与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语,1,.,The science institute spends about 3.5 million dollars every year _ robot research.,2.,Love decided to ask for help.Richness was passing,_,Love in a grand boat.,on,by,考点,归纳,:介词的基本用法及惯用搭配,介词,的使用要注意,搭配,和,上下文语境,提示。,讨论归纳,11,-,介词 无提示词1.The science institut,连词或从句引导词,无提示词,1.,He was very tired after doing this for a whole day,_ he felt very happy.,2,all I saw was this beautiful girl,whose smile just melted,(使融化/软化),me _ gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about.,but,and,考点,归纳,:,同一个主语,发出两个或几个动作，且,时态一致,，,中间没有连词，一定是填,连词(并列连词和转折连词）,。,讨论归纳,连词,(并列连词和转折连词）,12,-,连词或从句引导词 无提示词1.He was very ti,从句引导词,1.,Whenever he was discouraged or faced with difficult problems he would open the box,take out an imaginary kiss,and remember the love of this beautiful child _,_,_,had put it there.,2.It sang the sweetest melody(曲调)_ she had ever heard.,3.The house _ window are broken is empty.,who,/that,考点归纳,：,定语从句中缺主语,宾语或定语，一定是填适当的关系代词，如：,who,that,which,whom,，whose。,that,whose,定语从句-关系代词,13,-,从句引导词 who/that考点归纳：定语从句中缺主语,宾语,考点归纳：,定语从句 中缺,地点状语,用,_,缺,时间状语,用,_,，,缺,原因状语,用,_,。,1.These are the reasons _ we do it.,2.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town _ he grew up as a child.,3.,I can still remember the moment _ the space stewardess called us all to the capsule.,where,why,when,where,wh,y,whe,n,定语从句-关系副词,14,-,考点归纳：定语从句 中缺地点状语用_,缺时间,1.I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached _ looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.,2.We heard the news _ our team had won.,3._ interested her most was the longitude line.,4.The question is _ we should go on with the work.,wh,at,考点归纳：,名词性从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句。要注意what引导名词性从句的用法。,that,W,h,at,名词性从句,宾从,同位语从句,主从,wh,ether,表从,15,-,1.I lost sight of Wang Ping wh,1._ they arrived at dry land,the elder went her own way.,2._ it rains tomorrow,I wont go.,3.He was,so,tired _ he couldnt go.,4._ he is poor,hes still happy.,5.Please put the medicine_ children cant reach it.,6.He cant come _ he is ill.,When,考点归纳：,状语从句包括时间状语从句，条件状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，地点状语从句，原因状语从句，目的状语从句和方式状语从句。,状语从句,If,that,Although,where,because,16,-,1._ they arrived at dry,二、给出了,提示词型,的解题技巧,17,-,二、给出了提示词型的解题技巧17-,考点归纳：句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的词与已存在谓语主语一致，且中间有并列或转折连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词,就要考虑时态和语态，时态考虑要瞻前顾后。,1.But things_ (change)when he came to the new school.,2.Right after he _(rescue)by the soldiers from the ruins,he saluted and smiled to them.,3.Since the beginning of history,people _,(use)rivers for transportation.,changed,was rescued,1）动词谓语动词,have used,18,-,考点归纳：句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的词与已,考点归纳：,若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用 现在分词,doing,，过去分词,done,，还是不定式,to do,。非谓语的形式一定要考虑,它与其逻辑主语之间,的关系。,1._(use)for a long time,the book looks old.,2._(use)the book,I find it useful.,3._(see)from the hill,the city looks like a big garden.,4.I looked at the pair of small objects _(call)“thoughtpads”on a table.,Used,Using,2)动词非谓语动词(1),Seen,called,19,-,考点归纳：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是,1,.He saw the stone,_(say)to himself:“The night will be very dark.