单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Present perfect tense,现在完成时态,Present perfect tense现在完成时态,Present perfect tense,现在完成时,构成,:,用法一：,表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果,.,现在完成时这一时态强调是过去动作与现在的联系,也就是强调现在的影响和结果,.,have/has,+,过去分词,Present perfect tense 现在完成时构成,1.,都表示过去发生的事,2.,现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用；,3.,一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用（,last,ago,yesterday,etc.,）,present,past,I have lived here for two years,I lived there 2 years ago,1.都表示过去发生的事presentpastI have l,eg.1.He had his breakfast at 6:00,He has had his breakfast.,2.When did you come here?,I watched the football match on TV at 9:00.,eg.1.He had his breakfast at,什么时候使用现在完成时？,什么时候使用现在完成时？,表示现在完成时的时间副词,表示现在完成时的时间副词,一、,already,和,yet,常见于现在完成时中，有“已经”之意。前者一般用在肯定句中，后者用在疑问句中。,yet,在否定句中有“还”之意。,“,Has the bus left yet”?,“Yes.It has already left.”,(“No.It hasnt left yet.),“,汽车开走了吗？”,“是的，已经开走了。”,“不，还没有开走。”,一、already和yet常见于现在完成时中，有“已经”之意,二、“,already”,用于现在完成时的肯定句中,“yet”,用于现在完成时的否定句和疑问句中,.,用“,already”“yet”,填空。,He has()visited many places in China.,注意,already,在句中的两种位置,.,The train hasnt arrived,（）,.,火车（到现在）还没有到。,Has she arrived,（）,?,她已经到了吗？,Hasnt he come,（）,?,她还没来吗？,already,yet,yet,yet,二、“already”用于现在完成时的肯定句中,“,三、,ever,和,never,也是现在完成时常见的时间状语。前者意思是“曾经”，多见于疑问句或否定句中；后者意思是“从来没有”，表示全部否定。,“,Have you ever seen the film?”“No.I have never seen it.”,“你曾经看过这部影片吗？”“没有，从来没看过。”,Nobody in our class has ever been there.,我们班没有人去过那。,三、ever和never也是现在完成时常见的时间状语。前者意,四、,just,recently,是完成时的时间状语，,just now,有,a moment ago,之意，是一般过去时的时间状语。,The train has just arrived.,火车刚到。,Did you see Joan just now?,你刚才看到琼了吗？,Have you heard from your family lately/recently?,你最近收到家人的来信了吗？,四、just,recently是完成时的时间状语，just,五、,since,短语或从句表示过去的动,作延续至今，,since,之后的时间为一点,。,Mr.Smith has worked here since 1984.,1984,年以来，史密斯先生一直在这工作。,Hes learned about 5,000 English words since he went to college.,他上大学以来大约学了五千个英语单词。,五、since短语或从句表示过去的动,六、,for,短语表示动作延续多长时,间，,for,的宾语为时间段。,We have known each other for twenty years.,我们认识有二十年了。,I havent seen her for a long time.,我好久没有见到她了。,六、for短语表示动作延续多长时,The dog,has been dead,for three days.,She,has been had,(buy)the book for two week,这是为什么呢？,牛津版初中英语八年级下,The dog has been dead for thre,Grammar:表示动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到现在甚至将来,Mike,borrowed,the books two days ago.,Mike,has kept,the books for two days.,Grammar:表示动作或状态从过去开始一直延续到现在,He has bought the book.,He has bought the book for a week.,He has had the book for a week.,有些动词不能和,for,since,how long,等连用,He has bought the book.有些动词不能,She has bought the computer for two years.,had,buy,have/has,had,She has bought the computer,How long have you come to the United States,？,been in,come to,have/has,been in,How long have you come to the,Ann has gone to China since three months ago.,been in,go to,have/has,been in,Ann has gone to China since th,I have got to Paris for one week.,been in,got to,have/has,been in,I have got to Paris for one we,My brother has joined the army for five years.,been in,been a soldier,join,have/has,been in,have/has,been a soldier,My brother has joined the army,I have left Shanghai for 3 days.,been away from Shanghai,leave,have/has,been away,I have left Shanghai for,The film has begun for 10 minutes.,been on,begin,have/has,been on,The film has begun for 10 mi,I have borrowed the dictionary since 3 days ago.,kept,borrow,have/has,kept,I have borrowed the dictio,The concert has finished for half an hour.,been over,finish,have/has,been over,The concert has finished f,His dog has died for two years.,been dead,die,have/has,been dead,His dog has died for two,She has married for six years.,been married,marry,have/has,been married,She has married for six,切记有些动词是非延续的，在此用法中要换成其相对应的延续性动词：,buy,borrow,open close,leave die,join begin,-have -keep,-be open -be closed,-be away -be dead,-be a member of -be on,切记有些动词是非延续的，在此用法中要换成其相对应的延续性动词,常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变,arrive/come/go to die,become a borrow,Leave/move,buy open,join,start/begin finish/end,catch a cold get up,get to know get out,close wake up,go to sleep,become interested in,be in,be dead,have,keep,be away/be out,be a,be in/a member of,be open,be on,be over,have a cold,be up,know,be out,be closed,be awake,be asleep/sleep,be interested in,常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变arrive/come/g,标志词：for+一段时间,since+过去的时间点,these years,so far,in the past/last,years,We _(learn)English for three years/since two years ago/since 2000.,Mr.Green _(be)in China these years.,They _(write)15 songs so far.,The population _(grow)more slowly in the past ten years.,have learned,has been,have written,has grown,标志词：for+一段时间,since+过去的时间点,Exercises,His f