单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,初中定语从句讲解,育才学校,吴海霞,Match the two sentences,1.Im reading a book.The book is about Bill Gates.,_,2.He is a teacher.The teacher teaches us Chinese.,_,3.I dont like the man.He is smoking.,_,4.Where is the picture?You bought it last week.,_,Im reading a book,that/which,is about Bill Gates,.,He is a teacher,who/that,teaches us Chinese.,I dont like the man,who,is smoking.,Where is the picture,that,you bought last week?,什么是定语从句呢？,答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,结构：,先行词,+,关系词,+,句子,定语从句,：,由一个句子充当定语,从句的位置：,在名词或代词后,先 行 词,：,被定语从句修饰的词,引 导 词,：,引导定语从句的词 关系代词,关系副词,引导词的作用:,(1)引导定语从句,(2)在从句中作一成份,(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置,The man,who,lives next to us,is a,policeman.,先行词,_,_,关系词,_,定语从句,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Mary is a girl,who,has long hair,.,关系,代词,关系副词,which,who,whom,whose,that,Where,when,关系词,关系代词,:,that,which,who,whom,whose,关系副词,:when,where,why,关系代词：,指物：,that which,指人：,who(,主,/,宾格,)that whom,（宾格）,关系词,判 断 步 骤,:,首先，要看先行词。如果先行词是指人,关系代词,可用,who,that,whom,whose,。,如果先行词指物,关系,代词可用,which,或,that;,然后，要确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表,关系代词用法,人物,主宾,主宾,主宾,宾,定,人,人,人物,物,关系代词,that,which,引导的定语从句,:,如果,先行词,是表示物的,名词或代词,，关系代词应用,that,、,which.(,作,主语,或,宾语,),Which house is,mine,?,房顶是棕色的,房子是我的。,The house is mine,.,whose roof is brown,My house,This is a dream.,The dream will never come true.,This is a dream,which/that will never come true.,The dog has been found.,The dog was lost.,The dog,which was lost,has been found.,Practise:,This is the house,which is for sale.,2.The book,which is lying on the floor,is mine,.,which/that,作主语,.,(,不能省,),（作主语）,which/that,作宾语,：（,可省略）,This is the card.,Ive just received the card.,This is the card,which/that Ive just received.,Practise:,This is the mistake,which/that I always make.,I still keep the letters,which she wrote to me.,I lost the pen,which my father bought me.,(),（作宾语）,关系代词,who,that,whom,引导的定语从句,:,如果,先行词,是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用,who,that (,作,主语,或,宾语,),whom(,作,宾语,),who/that,作主语,.(,不能省,),This is the film star.,The film star is very popular in China.,This is the film star,who is very popular in China.(,作主语,),The boy,who broke the window,is called Roy.,Do you know the man,who spoke at the meeting yesterday?,The girl,who is watering the flowers,is my cousin.,/that,who/whom/that,作宾语：,(,可省略,),The man is a famous writer.,He described the man just now.,The man,(who/whom/that)he described just now,is a famous writer.,(,作宾语）,The boy,who(m)I m looking for,is my friend.,The thief has been sent to prison.,The police caught the thief last night.,The thief,whom the police caught last night,has been sent to prison.,小结：,that 既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。,which指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略.,who,指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略,（常用,whom,）,注,:,当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。,有时只能用,that,不用,which,常见的情况有六种：,当先行词是,all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,no one,或被它们修饰时。,Thats all,that I know.,Is there anything,that I can do for you?,He answered few questions,that the teacher asked.,2.,当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时,That is the most interesting book,that I have ever read.,The first thing,that I should do is to review my lessons.,3.,当先行词有,the very,the only,the same,the last等修饰时。,Thats the only,thing,that I can do now.,These are the very words,that he used.,4.,当主句以,who,或,which,开头时，定语从句的关系词用,that,而不用,which,或,who.,Who is the girl,that spoke to you just now?,Which is the pen,that you lost?,5.,先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用,that.,The man and his dog,that I always meet,are standing by the gate.,只能用that 的情况：,1先行词被最高级、序数词修饰时；,2先行词有,all,only,very,last,few,little,much,none,some,any,every,no,等修饰时；,3先行词是,all,anything,everything,something,nothing,时；,4 先行词既有人,又有物；,5 由,who,和,which,提问的句子；,6 主句是,There be,结构时.,只能用which的情况：,1.介词提到关系代词前,The city,in,which she lives,is far away.,The city,whichthat she lives,in,is far away.,2.引导非限制性定语从句,I am reading,Harry Porter,which,is an interesting book.,3.整个句子是先行词，从句前面往往有逗号。,He failed in the exam,which,made his parents angry.,注:,who、that,在指人可以通用，但下列,宜用,who,禁,用that,1).先行词是anyone,someone,those,时，关系词使用who,Those,who,want to go to the Great Wall sign up here.,Is there anyone,who,wants to go there?,2).在,there be,句型中，先行词指人,关系词用,who,There is an old man,who,wants to see you.,There are many young men,who,are,against him.,whose,作定语,表示所属关系。,The boy is my classmate.,The boys father is a policeman.,The boy,whose father is a policeman,is my classmate.,A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan(孤儿).,A.who B.whose C.whos D.which,例句赏析,It,s an invention,which/that,is used for keeping off the rain.,飘,It,s a book,that/which,was written by Margaret Mitchell.,Gone with the wind,Its the Wall,that,/which,was built by Chinese people.,Its an