单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,语法填空,答题指导,高考,英语专题复习,准备好：做好学案，积累本，双色笔，词典,语法填空高考准备好：做好学案，积累本，双色笔，词典,Learning Aims:,1.To master the methods and techniques to fill in the blanks.,2.To improve the ability of analyzing the sentence structure.,3.To apply the grammar to practice freely,4.To enjoy the pleasure of learning English,Learning Aims:1.To master,一、高考大纲要求,语法填空题考纲要求：,共,10,小题，每小题,1.5,分。在一篇约,200,词左右的语言材料中留出,10,个空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容（不多于三个单词）或所提供单词的正确形式本部分所需时间约为,10,分钟。,一、高考大纲要求语法填空题考纲要求：,二、【,语法填空命题特点,】,1.,语法和词汇（考试重点）；上下文连贯性（语境）。,语法填空题的出题特点：提示性填空题和自由填空两大类。提示性填空主要考察动词（包括时态、语态和非谓语动词）、形容词和副词（包括形容词和副词之间词性转换和词形转化以及比较级和最高级的变化）以及名词（比较少，但是曾有词性转换方面的题出现）。而自由填空主要集中在冠词（和名词相生相依）、代词、介词、连词。,2.,语法填空涉及到的语法项目：,1,名词,2,代词,3,数词,4,介词和介词短语,5,形容词,6,副词,7,冠词,8.,动词（时态、语态、非谓语动词）,9,构词法,10,主谓一致,11,连词（并列句、主从句、并列复合句）,12,句子成分,13.,句子种类,14,省略,15,倒装,16.,强调,17.,虚拟语气,18.,特殊句式,19,情态动词,二、【语法填空命题特点】1.语法和词汇（考试重点）；上下,三、【,语法填空解题方法,】,（一）,有提示词填空的做题方法,1.,动词,（,1,）如果所给词是动词，首先判断该动词在句中充当谓语还是非谓语。空格前如果是比较复杂动名词、不定式或者主语从句，要注意主谓一致，此外要根据上下文判断句子的时态和语态。,China _(spend)a lot of money on such research over the past years.,As the program shows,working with the family,rather than bypassing the parents,_(be)the most effective way of helping children get off to the best possible start in life.,Cupboards in her kitchen _(fill)with things that she didnt need at all.,The Chinese language,as a whole,_(use)the same set of character,but even the same characters can have different pronunciations.,has spent,is,were filled,uses,三、【语法填空解题方法】（一）有提示词填空的做题方法1.,associated,filled,suffering,born,associated filledsufferingborn,（,3,）基本知识掌握后，还要关注上下文中提供的关键词来判断是 哪种非谓语动词形式，比如,watch,see,notice,hear,等词，那么有,doing,和,do,两种情况，现在分词和过去分词的判定比不定式和动名词要难，但是，只要记住固定句式结构之外就是要找准动词和逻辑主语之间的关系，,尤其是主句之前或者之后出现了逗号这种情况，尤其要引起注意。如,She let me choose my sleep medicine,_(make)sure that I was okay.,As we started to go out,I turned around and saw them all _(watch)us.,Another tradition is to have their photographs _(take).,（,4,）词性及词形变化,The cards often included an _(invite)to the ceremony.,making,watching,taken,invitation,（3）基本知识掌握后，还要关注上下文中提供的关键词来判断是,2.,形容词和副词,第一,，要确切的知道，形容词在句子中充当的句子成分和所处位置。,a.,形容词,可以放在名词前面,做定语,；,b.,形容词,可以在系动词后面,作表语,；,c.,形容词可以放在宾语后,做宾语补足语,。,副词,在句子中所充当的句子成分和所处的位置,。,a.,副词放在动词的前后做,动词状语,；,b.,副词放在形容词前做,形容词,的状语；,c.,副词放,在副词,前面做状语。,His teacher took a deep drink,smiled _(warm),and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.,The Chinese scientist Tu Youyou also discovered artemisinin,（青蒿素）,a drug_(sharp)reduced the death rates for patients suffering from malaria,（疟疾）,.,warmly,sharply,2.形容词和副词warmlysharply,warmly,merrily,warmth,pleasure,unhappiness,unnecessary,warmlymerrilywarmthpleasureunh,least,luckier,easier,leastluckiereasier,3.,名词,名词在语法填空中出现的几率比较低，但是名词却是做自由填空的一个非常重要的参照物。,名词在提示性填空部分，最可能出现的题就是动词转化成名词这种形式。,但必须明确名词的特点。单数可数名词前面必须有三类修饰限定词：,a.,必须有,a/an,the,；,b.,必须有形容词性的物主代词；,c.,必须有指示代词,this,或者,that,以及不定代词。三者是必有其一，互不兼容。不可数名词最显著的特点就是不能与,a/an,连用，但是英语中要注意一词多义的情况。,These two _(discover)provide humankind with a new way to fight these disease that affect hundreds of millions of people annually.,The cards often included an _(invite)to the ceremony.,My _(appoint)was at five and I still had twenty minutes.,Dont wait for an _(apologize).,discoveries,Invitation,appointment,apology,3.名词discoveriesInvitation app,（,二）无提示词填空题的做题方法,1.,介词,介词包括表时间、方位、方式的介词,on,，,in,，,at,，,with,，,by,，,through,等。,介词最大的特点可以和,动词、形容词等构成固定短语,，通常都是介词在后，再就是和名词构成固定短语，尤其是要注意是否加冠词的情况。,同时，要清楚,介词后通常都是加名词、代词（宾格、名词性物主代词、反身代词）、动名词和宾语从句等。,.The young man went home_ a happy heart.,.When Jane got home,with her small but well-chosen present in her bag,her parents were already _table having supper.,I cried _ a loud voice,which made several people stare at me.,The imaginary character does not only appeal _ females.,Finally ,try to see things _ the other persons perspective.,with,at,in,to,from,（二）无提示词填空题的做题方法withatintofrom,2.,连词,连词的考查包括的内容比较宽泛，主要区分开两大部分，即并列句和复合句,。,这是做连词题的关键。,并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子，,其基本结构是,“简单句,+,并列连词,+,简单句”,。并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词连结。包括表,转折的连词,but,，,while,；,表并列的连词,and,，,or,；表,因果的连词,because,，,so,等等。,He was very tired after doing this for a whole day,_he felt very happy since the crop did“grow”higher.,I dont remember what I told him that night,_I do remember I heard Tom apologizing to Dad for burning the toast.,There were many people waiting at the bus stop,_some of them looked very anxious.,but,but,and,2.连词butbutand,where,which,before,where,what,wherewhichbeforewherewhat,an,an,a,the,the,ananathethe,its,itself,us,that,How,Call,itsitselfusthatHowCall,Only when the war was over _the young soldier return to his hometown.,It has bee five years _ I came to Canada to study English.,（四）上下文逻辑,For one thing,it can provide a colorful platform to shoe their talent.For _,it is a useful way to release their pressure,did,since,another,Only when the war was over _,arrived,before/earlier,its,that/which,paintings,by,is,conducted,regularly,living,arrivedbefore/earlieritsthat/,2015,新课标,1,考点,1.,动词,:,谓语动词,:,（时态）一般过去,/,一般现在