单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,肯定与否定的翻译,一、英语肯定、汉语否定,形式上，英语采用肯定句式，但实际在含蓄表达否定意义，翻译成汉语时用否定。,（,1,）动词,英语中含有否定的动词有：,fail,miss,lack,ignore,escape,refuse,withhold,neglect,deny,overlook,exclude,differ,forbid,defy,hate,etc.,动词词组：,keep from,refrainfrom,Eg,.To our disappointment,he,failed,to take the overall situation into account.,使我们失望的是他,不顾大局,。,He ran his eyes over the refreshments on the table but shook his head and,refused,to touch anything.,他看了看桌子上的点心，摇了摇头，一点也,不想,吃。,Her hint,escaped,me.,她的暗示,没有引起,我的注意。,She went to the airport to meet her friend,but she,missed,her in the crowd.,她去机场接她的朋友，可是,没能,在人群中见到她。,He keeps from alcohol and,tobaco,.,他烟酒不沾。,(2),名词,表示否定的名词有：,absence,avoidance,failure,denial,refusal,freedom,loss,lack,ignorance,defiance,embarrassment,etc.,Eg,:His,absence,of mind during the driving nearly caused an accident.,他开车时,心不在焉,，几乎闯祸。,Her child was in a terrible state of,neglect.,她的孩子简直,没人管,。,He coughed with,embarrassment,.,他不自然地,咳嗽,。,A lack of awareness of cultural differences or local customs can create problems.,不注意文化差异和当地的习俗可能会出问题。,（,3,）形容词,表达否定意义的形容词及短语：,few,little,thin,deaf,absent,awkward,had,blind,dead,last,poor,free from,far from,safe from,short of,ignorant of,safe and sound,etc.,Eg,:The explanation is pretty,thin,.,这种解释理由很不充分。,He was,deaf,to all advice.,他,不听,一切劝告。,I am glad to see you,safe and sound,.,我很高兴看到你,安然无恙,。,He would be the,last,man to say such things.,他,决不会,说这种话。,（,4,）副词,常见的否定副词有：,little,seldom,hardly,barely,scarcely,otherwise,rarely,etc.,Eg,:The old lady said idly,“Well,what dose it matter?”,那老妇人漫不经心地说：“哼！这有什么关系？”,Time is what we want most,but what many use worst.,时间是我们最缺少的，但偏偏许多人最不善于利用。,Traveling,alone,she was sitting in the corner of the carriage.,她,没有同伴,，只一个人坐在车厢一角动也不动。,Slips are,scarcely,avoidable when you are new to your work.,没有工作经验，出点差错是,不可避免,的。,（,5,）介词及介词短语,表示否定的介词和介词短语有：,beside,against,from,above,below,under,beyond,beneath,without,except,within,instead of,out of,etc.,Eg,:She is,above,meanness and deceit.,她,不至于,做卑鄙和欺骗的事情。,He is,beyond doubt,an enterprising young man.,无疑,，他是一位有进取心的青年人。,What he said is,beside,the question.,他说的与本题,无关,。,Good advice is,without,price.,好的建议是,无价,的。,It is,far from,him to do anything to hurt you.,他,决不会,做任何伤害你的事情。,（,6,）连词及短语,表示否定意义的常用连词有：,before,rather than,unless,too to,or,etc.,Eg,:I,rather than,you,should do the work.,应该做这个工作的应该是我，,而不是,你。,You ought to know,better than,to do that sort of things.,你应知道,不该,做那种事情。,Youd better do it now,before,you forget it.,趁着,还没有,忘记，你最好现在就做。,They,would rather,go on with the experiment,than,give it up.,他们,宁愿,把实验继续下去，而,不愿,放弃。,Wear your raincoat,or,you will catch cold.,穿上雨衣，,不然,你会着凉的。,（,7,）一些特定结构,It is,a wise father,that,knows his own son.,再聪明的父亲也,不见得,了解自己的儿子。,It is,a silly fish,that,is caught twice.,再愚蠢的鱼,也不会,上钩两次。（智者不会重蹈覆辙）,But that,she was prevented,my mother would have accomplished her design.,若不是,被阻止，我妈妈早就完成她的设计了,We have bitten off more than we can chew.,我们承担了力所不能及的事。,/,贪多嚼不烂。,Oh,God!If this is a ladys manners.,噢，天哪！这决不是女人的举止。,（,8,）一些习惯表达,He is a nuisance,I want to see the back of him.,他真讨厌，我也不愿意见到他。,We are living up to what the people expect to us.,我们不会辜负人民对我们的期望。,He who has a mind,，,to beat his dog will easily find his stick.,欲加之罪，何患无词。,A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.,双鸟在林，不如一鸟在手。,Let me catch you at it again.,再让我逮着你，可饶不了你。,I hear everything.,什么都瞒不过我。,A stitch in time saves nine.,小洞不补，大洞吃苦。,Tom was professors godson,and had been one of the family anytime these 20years.,汤姆是教授的干儿子，这,20,年来，一家人没把他当外人看。,in,He is trying in vain to answer the question.,他回答不出来那个问题。,The criminal is still at large.,罪犯还尚未捉拿归案。,The restaurant was anything but satisfactory.,这家饭店太不让人满意了。,I was at a loss to understand what he alluded to.,我无法领悟他话中暗示的是什么。,二、英语否定，汉语肯定,（,1,）动词,Suddenly he heard a sound behind him,and realized he,was not,alone in the garage.,他突然听见背后有响声，便立刻意识到车库里,还有,别人。,The mother gently,disengaged,her hand from that of her sleeping baby.,母亲小心翼翼地从熟睡的孩子手里,抽出,自己的手。,The boss could fire any employee who had ever,displeased,him.,老板可以开除任何,得罪过,他的雇员。,How often,has,he,not complained,about the weather here!,他经常,抱怨,这里的天气。,（,2,）副词,It is a wise man that,never,makes mistakes.,再聪明的人,也会,犯错。,He,involuntarily,raised his hand to scratch his head.,他,下意识,地举起手挠挠头。,（,3,）名词,There has been serious,disagreement,between the two political parties over this question.,关于这个问题两个政党之间存在严重,分歧,。,We were puzzled by the sudden,disappearance,of our team leader.,队长突然失踪使我们感到困惑不解。,There is nothing like jogging as a means of exercise.,慢跑是锻炼身体的最佳办法。,（,4,）形容词,Eg,:,Teachers should be,nondiscriminatory,and should be equal to any of their students.,老师应该,一视同仁,，平等地对待每一位学生。,This fish is an,unusual,winter visitor to Japan Sea.,这种鱼,很少,冬季到日本海来。,Many people thought Henry was so,indecisive,that it was hard to be a team leader.,好多人认为亨利是个,优柔寡断,的人，不适合做队长,（,5,）短语,She will forget all about it,as likely as not,.,她,很可能会,忘得一干二净。,He is old,none the less,he works like a young man.,他虽然上了年纪，但干起活来，,还象,个年轻人。,We do,not,like her,other than,she is now.,我们,就,喜欢她现在的样子。,They are,only too,pleas