Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten,Zweite Ebene,Dritte Ebene,Vierte Ebene,Fnfte Ebene,Page,*,Klicken Sie,um das Titelformat zu bearbeiten,Page,*,Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten,Zweite Ebene,Dritte Ebene,Vierte Ebene,Fnfte Ebene,Klicken Sie,um das Titelformat zu bearbeiten,Page,*,Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten,Zweite Ebene,Dritte Ebene,Vierte Ebene,Fnfte Ebene,Klicken Sie,um das Titelformat zu bearbeiten,Page,*,Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten,Zweite Ebene,Dritte Ebene,Vierte Ebene,Fnfte Ebene,Klicken Sie,um das Titelformat zu bearbeiten,Page,*,Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten,Zweite Ebene,Dritte Ebene,Vierte Ebene,Fnfte Ebene,Klicken Sie,um das Titelformat zu bearbeiten,Page,*,Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten,Zweite Ebene,Dritte Ebene,Vierte Ebene,Fnfte Ebene,Klicken Sie,um das Titelformat zu bearbeiten,Page,*,Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten,Zweite Ebene,Dritte Ebene,Vierte Ebene,Fnfte Ebene,Klicken Sie,um das Titelformat zu bearbeiten,Page,*,Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten,Zweite Ebene,Dritte Ebene,Vierte Ebene,Fnfte Ebene,Klicken Sie,um das Titelformat zu bearbeiten,Page,*,Textmasterformate durch Klicken bearbeiten,Zweite Ebene,Dritte Ebene,Vierte Ebene,Fnfte Ebene,Klicken Sie,um das Titelformat zu bearbeiten,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,数字的翻译,第九章,数字的翻译,数字是一种特殊的语言符号，是人类文明开展的结果。尤其在商贸谈判或外交活动中，对数字的正确翻译是至关重要的。数字在英汉两种语言中都被赋予了丰富的文化内涵，由于中西方文化的差异以及风俗习惯的不同，人们对数字的理解和使用也发生变化。因此，在对数字进行翻译时要考虑文化以及相应的数字转换规那么和技巧。,基数词和序数词的翻译,汉语的数字以每四位数为一段位表达，而英语数字的表达以每三位数为一段位，即先从右向左数，毎三位为一组，加一个逗号“，。第一个逗号前读thousand,第二个逗号前读million,第三个逗号前读billion(美式:十亿)，或thousand million(英式：十亿)，第四个逗号前读trillion美式：一兆或one billion英式：一兆,第五个逗号前读quadrillion千兆,或one thousand billion(英式：千兆),基数词和序数词的翻译,英语的序数词由基数词衍变而来，最常见的序数词形式是在基数词的根底上加“-th，但是基数词如果是以“y结尾时，在转换过程中要先把“y改成i，再加-eth。,基数词和序数词的翻译,不规那么变化的特殊的序数词：,first(one)；secondtwo；three(third)；fifth(five)；eighth(eight);ninth(nine)；twelfth(twelve)等。英语的序数词还有缩略形式,一般情况下在数字后直接加“-th，但是个位是1、2或3的序数词分别在数字后加“-st、“-nd或“-rd。,基数词和序数词的翻译,例1 26：,twenty-six,对2199的基数词，应先读几十，再读“几，写时之间要加连字号“-。,例2 685：,six hundred and eighty-five,对101999的基数词，应先读“几百，再加and,再读末位数。,例3 589,368：,five hundred and eighty six thousand,three hundred and sixty eight,基数词和序数词的翻译,百万以上的数字那么用“百万的倍数表达；如“千万是“十百万，tenmillion;“亿是“百百万，即hundredmillion，直至“十亿，billion。例5 第1000：thousandth hundred,thousand,million,billion的序数词也均在其后加“-th构成：hundredth,thousandth,millionth,billionth。,例4 3,123,400：,three million，one hundred and twenty-three thousand and four hundred,百万以上的数字那么用“百万的倍数表达；如“千万是“十百万，tenmillion;“亿是“百百万，即hundredmillion，直至“十亿，billion。,基数词和序数词的翻译,例5 第1000：,thousandth,hundred,thousand,million,billion的序数词也均在其后加“-th构成：hundredth,thousandth,millionth,billionth。,基数词和序数词的翻译,英语倍数的表达往往包括基数在内，表示倍数减少汉译时，可以用减少几分之几来表示。,例,1,麦克有个电脑，是我电脑重量的四倍。,译文,1 Mike has a computer that is four times the weight of mine.,译文,2 Mike has a computer that is four times as heavy as mine.,译文,3 Mike has a computer that is four times heavier than mine.,倍数的翻译,以上三句话都可以译成这个热电站是那个热电站的四倍即大三倍。“n times+as+形容词(或副词)原级+as或“n times+形容词或副词比较级+than 或“n times+度量的单位+of,倍数的翻译,例 2,Our company turned out as many as 80,000 refrigerators last year.,我们公司去年生产的冰箱多达8万台。,商贸英语中经常会有“.达.的说法，在英语中可以套用这样的结构：“as+形容词原级+as+具体数字,倍数的翻译,例,3,洗衣机的产量比去年增加三倍。,译文,1 The production of washing machines has been increased to three times as compared with that of last year.,译文,2 The production of washing machines has been increased three times as compared with that of last year.,译文,3 The production of washing machines has been increased three fold as compared with that of last year.,倍数的翻译,译文,4 The production of washing machines has been increased by 3times as compared with that of last year.,译文,5 The production of washing machines has been increased by a factor of three as compared with that of last year.,以上五句译文表达同样的含义，通用结构为：表示增加的动词,+to n times/,表示增加的动词,+n times/,表示增加的动词,+n-fold/,表示增加的动词,+by n times/,表示增加的动词,+by a factor of n,。在这类句型中,increase,常被,raise,，,grow,，,go/step up,，,multiply,等词所替代。,倍数的翻译,译文,4 The production of washing machines has been increased by 3times as compared with that of last year.,译文,5 The production of washing machines has been increased by a factor of three as compared with that of last year.,倍数的翻译,例 4,Life expectancy in the developed world has doubled.,在兴旺国家，人们的平均寿命是过去的两倍。,倍数的翻译,例,5,This confidence has enabled NVW to pursue an aggressive expansion strategy.Last year the firm tripled its business on the Continent.,这种自信使得,NVW,得以追求一种咄咄逼人的扩张策略。因此，去年该公司在欧洲大陆的业务增加三倍。,倍数的翻译,例,6,The efficiency of the machines has been more than trebled or quadrupled,这些机器的效率已提高了两倍或三倍以上。,倍数的翻译,例 7,The automatic assembly line can shorten the assembling period(by)ten times.,自动装配线能够使装配期缩短十分之九。,表示减少的动词连接“by n times或“n times,可以译为“减少了n分之n-1或“减少到n分之一。,倍数的翻译,例 7 The automatic assembly line can shorten the assembling period(by)ten times.,自动装配线能够使装配期缩短十分之九。,表示减少的动词连接“by n times或“n times,可以译为“减少了n分之n-1或“减少到n分之一。,例8 Our direct sales are near1y 5 times as less as retail sales.,我们的直销额约为零售额的1/5即比零