单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,Tennessee Williams,-,田纳西,威廉斯,无敌四班,three greatest American playwrights in the 20 century:,Arthur Miller,EugeneONeill,Tennessee Williams.,Thomas Lanier Williams III,Around 1939,he adopted,Tennessee Williams,as his professional name.,Born in,Columbus,Mississippi,on,March 26,1911 Died in New York,on February 25,1983,Tennessee Williams,（托马斯,Lanier,威廉姆斯三世,大约在,1939,年,他采用了“田纳西威廉姆斯说”由于他的专业的名字。）,（美国剧作家三大,20,世纪,:,亚瑟米勒,尤金,奥尼尔,田纳西威廉姆斯。）,（,1911,年,3,月,26,日出生在哥伦布、密西西比、,1983,年,2,月,25,日在纽约丧生了,）,Biographical Introduction,Part His life,Family,Education,Personal life,Death,Part works and awards,Early influence,Major works,Awards,GREAT!,Shy,sensitive,(,敏感的）,and fragile,（易碎的）,suffer from mental illness,（神经病患者）,after 20 yrs old,Rose inspired,（启发）,a host of characters in his fiction.,traveling shoe salesman,A heavy drinker,A man prone,（,有,倾向的）,to use his fists,（拳头）,an archetype,（原型）,of the Southern belle,（美人）,whose social aspirations,（抱负）,tilted,（倾向）,toward snobbery,（势利）,and whose behavior could be neurotic,（神经病患者）,and hysterical,（情绪狂暴）,.,父,母,弟,姐,Dakin(19192008).,Rose(19091996),a close bond,Williams would find inspiration in his dysfunctional family for much of his writing.,（,威廉姆斯会在他那样的家庭找到灵感大部分时间写作。）,Family,Later he studied at,University City High School,.,He attended the,University of Missouri,（密苏里大学）,in Columbia,（哥伦比亚）,from 1929 to 1931,In 1936 Williams enrolled,（登记）,at,Washington University in St.Louis,（华盛顿大学路易斯分校）,where he wrote the play,Me,Vashya,(1937).,In 1938 he earned a degree from the,University of Iowa,（爱荷华大学）,where he wrote,Spring Storm.,He later studied at the,Dramatic Workshop,（戏剧性的车间）,of,The New School,in,New York City,.,Education,Once studied at,Soldan,High School,.,After some early attempts at heterosexual relationships,by the late 1930s Williams had accepted his,homosexuality,.,（,早期在异性关系经过一些尝试,在,1930,年代晚期威廉姆斯已经接受了他的同性恋）,In the summer of 1940 Williams initiated an affair with,Kip Kiernan,(19181944),a young Canadian dancer.When Kiernan left him for a woman and marriage he was distraught,and Kiernans death four years later at 26 delivered another blow,.,（,在,1940,年的夏天威廉姆斯和,Kiernan,(1918-1944),交往,一位年轻的加拿大的舞蹈家。当,Kiernan,舍他而去,一名妇女和婚姻被吓坏,Kiernan,的死亡四年后在,26,岁又是另外一个打击。）,In the fall of 1948,he met and fell in love with,Frank Phillip Merlo,(19221963),an occasional actor of Sicilian heritage who had served in the U.S.Navy in World War II.,在,1948,年的秋天,他相遇,Merlo,弗兰克,菲利普,(1922-1963),并相爱,偶尔在西西里血统曾在美国海军在第二次世界大战的演员。,This one enduring romantic relationship of Williams life lasted 14 years until infidelities and drug abuse on both sides ended it.,这一个持久的浪漫关系威廉斯生活持续,14,年,直到不忠实和药物滥用两边结束它。,Shortly after their breakup,Merlo was diagnosed with inoperable lung cancer and Williams returned to take care of him until his death on September 21,1963.,他们分手后不久,Merlo,被诊断患有肺癌和威廉姆斯无法回到照顾他直到他死在,1963,年,9,月,21,日,Personal life,Two important man in his life,As he had feared,in the years following Merlos death Williams was plunged into a period of nearly catatonic,depression,and,increasing drug use,resulting in several hospitalizations and commitments to mental health facilities.,他害怕了,在以后的岁月里威廉姆斯陷入,Merlo,的死亡了，一段时间的近,catatonic,抑郁和增加用药导致几个住院,以心理健康设施治疗。,On February 25,1983,Williams was found dead in his suite at the,Elysee,Hotel in New York at age 71.The medical examiners report indicated that he,choked to death,on the cap from a bottle of,eyedrops,he frequently used,further indicating that his use of drugs and alcohol may have contributed to his death by suppressing his gag reflex.,Death,1983,年,2,月,25,日,威廉斯被发现死在他的酒店套房爱丽舍宫在纽约,享年,71,岁。法医报告表明他窒息而死在帽子从他常用瓶滴眼液,进一步指出他使用毒品和酒精可能促成了他的死亡通过抑制他的恶作剧的反射。,Early influences,Williams writings include mention of some of the poets and writers he most admired in his early years:,Hart Crane,Anton Chekhov,D.H.Lawrence,August Strindberg,William Faulkner,Thomas Wolfe,Emily Dickinson,.In later years the list grew to include,William,Inge,James Joyce,and,Earnest Hemingway,;of the latter,he said,，,his great quality,aside from his prose style,is this fearless expression of brute nature.,He also wrote,short stories,novels,poetry,essays,screenplays,and a volume of memoirs.,他也写短篇故事、诗、散文、小说、剧本和一册的回忆。,威廉斯的作品包括提到的一些诗人和作家,他最受人尊敬的他早年接受了,Hart Crane,Anton Chekhov,D.H.Lawrence,August Strindberg,William Faulkner,Thomas Wolfe,Emily Dickinson,.,在以后的岁月里成长的名单包括,William,Inge,James Joyce,和,Earnest Hemingway,后者,他说,“他的好品质,除了他的散文风格,这是无畏的表达蛮本性。”,Short stories,The Vengeance of,Nitocris,(1928),The Field of Blue Children,(1939),The Resemblance Between a Violin Case and a Coffin,(1951),Hard Candy:A Book of Stories,(1954),Three Players of a Summer Game and Other Stories,(1960),The Knightly Quest:a Novella and Four Short Stories,(1966),One Arm and Other Stories,(1967),Eight Mortal Ladies Possessed:a Book of Stories,(1974),Tent Worms,(1980),It Happened the day the Sun Rose,and Other Stories,(1981),One-act plays,American Blues,(1948),Mister Paradise and Other One-Act Plays,Dragon Country,:a book of one-act plays,(1970),Th