单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,宾语从句基本用法,嘉陵区石楼小学,罗朝伦,宾语从句基本用法嘉陵区石楼小学,1,一、宾语从句的概念,我们已经学过名词、动名词、代词或不定式形式都可以作宾语。如：I have,a book,.My brother bought,it,.I like,reading the book,.I want,to remember it,.这时宾语可以用一个单词或短语表达，我们就直接把该单词或短语放置于动词后面做宾语。,但是，如果要表达“我知道你昨天去看电影了”，就无法用一个单词来表达“你昨天去看电影了”，这是一个完整的句子，只能用句子表达，即：I know(that),you saw a movie yesterday,.这种放在动词后面作宾语的句子，就叫做宾语从句。,一、宾语从句的概念 我们已经学过名,2,二、宾语从句三要素,连接词,语 序,时 态,二、宾语从句三要素连接词,3,（一）,连接词,1.that 引导,2.whether/if 引导,3.由连接代词,Who,whom,whose,which,，,what,和连接副词,where,how,why,when,引导的宾语从句.,（一）连接词1.that 引导,4,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,（原句是陈述句）,注,：,that,在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，,在口语当中往往省略,e.g.,I,hope,(that)_.,（,今年冬天能下雪）,He said(that)_.,（,他非常想念我们）,The teacher told us(that)_.,（,地球围着太阳转）,it will snow this winter,he missed us very much,the earth,goes,around the sun,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,5,由从属连词,whether,if,引导的宾语从句,（原句是一般,疑问句,）,1.I want to know _.,（他是否跟我们一起去公园）,2.Ask him _.,（他是否能来）,3.I dont know _.,（是否要下雨）,if,/,whether he will go to the park with us,whether,/,if he can come,whether it is going to rain or not,由从属连词whether,if 引导的宾语从句1.I w,6,注意,:只用whether,不用if的四,种情况,1.在带to的动词不定式前,He doesnt know whether,to go to the,movies,or,to watch TV at home.,2.在介词后,Im thinking,of,whether we should go fishing.,3.直接与or not连用时,I dont know whether,I have seen him,or not,.,4.句子开头一定,用whether,Whether,this is true or not,I cant say.,注意:只用whether不用if的四种情况1.在带to的动,7,练习,1.Did Peter come here yesterday?Li Lei wants to know.(改为含有宾语从句的复合句),Li Lei wants to know,_,Peter _here yesterday.,2.Is Lingling a student?I dont know.,I dont know _ or not.,3.我不知道明天是否会下雨。,I dont know _ or not.,whether/if,came,whether Lingling is a student,whether it will rain torrow,练习whether/if camewhether Lingl,8,由连接代词,what,whom,whose,which,what,及连接,副词,when,where,how,why,引导的宾语从句,1.He asked _.(,谁能回答这个问题,）,2.Do you know_.,（,他们在等谁,）,3.He asked,_.,（,谁的书法是班上最好的,）,4.Please tell me _.,（,我们什么时候开会,）,5.Can you tell me _?,（,他在哪儿,）,6.Could you tell me _?,（,我该怎么去车站,）,7.Would you tell me _?,（,为什么火车迟到了,）,who could answer the question,who(m)they are waiting for,whose handwriting was the best in the class,when well have a meeting,where he is,how I can get to the station,why the train is late,由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,9,（二）语序：陈述句语序,在宾语从句中一定要用陈述句语序。,We dont know,what,he said?,(,他说的什么,),（二）语序：陈述句语序 We dont kno,10,把一个特殊疑问句放在宾语从句中，我们要做好两步：,1.移。就是把特殊疑问句中的特殊疑问词移到句子中来;,2.变。就是把特殊疑问词后面的一般疑问句变为陈述句语序。,e.g.How can I get to the park?I dont know.,首先，我们把主句找出来，即：I dont know.那么接下来是：我不知道什么呢？后面就需要一个宾语从句，而后面的句子是以特殊疑问词 How 来引导，所以，,第一步把特殊疑问词,移,下来变为：I dont know how.,第二步看剩下的部分：can I get to the park?是一个一般疑问句，要,变,成陈述句，即把主语放到前面：,I can get to the park.,那么这句话就变成了：,I dont know how I can get to the park.,把一个特殊疑问句放在宾语从句中，我们要做好两步：,11,练习,1.Where is Tony from?I dont know.,_,_,_,2.How old is Lingling?Miss Li wants to know.,_,3.When will my father come back?I cant tell you.,_,4.Where is the bus stop?The man asks.,_,I dont know,where,Tony is from.,Miss Li wants to know,how old,Lingling is.,I cant tell you,when,my father will come back.,The man asks,where,the bus stop is.,练习I dont knowwhereTony is f,12,（三）宾语从句中的时态,1.当主句是一般现在时的时候，宾语从句可以用所需要的任何时态。,e.g.,I know he is a teacher.,I know he was a teacher three years ago.,I know he was been a teacher for 3 years.,I know he will be a teacher in the future.,（三）宾语从句中的时态,13,2.主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句,一般,只能用,过去的某种,时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）,.,e.g.,He told me that he,was,born in Beijing in 1992.,I said I,was reading,a book at that moment.,He said he,would,go home.,2.主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句一般只能用过去的某种,14,3.,当,宾语从句所陈述的是客观,事实、自然现象或一般真理时,，即使主句用了,过去时,，从句仍用,一般现在,时态,。,e.g.,The teacher said that the earth,goes,around,the sun.,3.当宾语从句所陈述的是客观事实、自然现象或一般真理时，即,15,将下列句子合并为一句:,1.,“Where is Tom?”They asked.,2,.Do they like to make friends with us?He asked.,3,.“I am doing my homework.”He said.,4,.“I will come back.”Tom said.,They asked,He asked if they liked to make friends with them.,He said that he was doing his homework.,Tom said that he would come back.,where,Tom was.,将下列句子合并为一句:They asked He ask,16,1,could/would,是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。,注意一,Could you please tell me where we show our,tickets?,Would you like to know when he will come back?,1could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此,17,当主句的谓语动词是,think,believe,suppose,expect,等时，从句的否定要转移到主句中。,I dont think she is right.,我认为她不对。,我相信他不会通过考试。,注意二：否定转移,I dont believe he will pass the exam.,当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppo,18,例题解析,1.Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2019.,A.where does she live B.Where she lives,C.where did she live D.where she lived,【,解析,】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态，所以应选D。,2.Would you please tell me _?,A.when did he come home B.where he would play football,C.if he had seen the film D.why he didnt watch the game,【,解析,】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。主句用的实际上是现在时，宾语从句在这个句子里应用陈述句的语序和一般过去时。,例题解析1.Miss Green didnt tell,19,例题解析,3.I dont know when _.,A.will the train leave B.the train will leave,C.would the train leave D.the train leave,【,解析,】答案：B。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。只有B在语序和时态上符合要求。,4.