单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,the Present Perfect Tense,现在完成时,助动词,have(has)+,过去分词,done,past,now,Yesterday,we,cleaned,the,classroom.,Now,the classroom,is clean because,we,have cleaned,it.,用法,1,强调,过去发生的动作,对,现在产生的,结果或影响,I have cook,ed,the chicken.,You can eat it now.,It has snow,ed,.,So you can see everything is white.,People have,built,many tall buildings.,They have already,been,friends.,1.My father,bought,many books for me yesterday.,Now,I have a lot to read because _,2.I,saw,this film last week.,Now,I know this film because I_.,3.I,did,my homework yesterday.,Now,I can give it to the teacher because I_,my father,has bought,many books for me.,have seen,it before,have done,it.,now,past,I,began to,teach,English at this,school five,years ago.,I,have taught,English at this,school for five years.,用法,2,：,过去发生的动作一直,延续,到现在。,She,began to,work,in 2005.,She still works here now.,She,has,worked,at this school,for 3 years.,Since half an hour ago,They have play,ed,football,since half an hour ago.,They have,skated,for a long time.,1.I am a doctor.I began to work when I was 22.Now,I am 26.I _(,work)for,four years.,2.We went to the USA last Monday.Today is Monday.We _ (stay)in the USA since last Monday.,have worked,have stayed,since,and,for,The woman has worked at this school,for 2 years.(since two years ago),since 2 years ago,since 1998,since she came to the school),for+,时间段,since+,时间点,for 2 years/a long time,一、用,for,和,since,填空。,_,three hours,_three oclock,_two days,_yesterday afternoon,_I came here,_last Sunday,_,a week,_a long time,_1997,_two weeks,_three years ago,_ last month,for,since,for,since,since,since,for,for,since,for,since,since,1.Theyve known each other since_.,A.1995 B.three years,2.Ive been interested in Chinese for_.,A.last year B.one year,3.She has been a doctor for_.,A.two years B.two years ago,4.Ive had a headache since_.,A.I got up this morning B.five hours,5.Weve been here for_.,A.one hour B.one oclock,A,A,B,A,B,6.My parents have owned this house for_.,A.a long time B.many years ago,7.Theyve been in love since_.,A.last spring B.three months,8.We have known each other since_.,A.one year B.last year,9.-How long have you been like this?,-Since_.A.last night B.two days,10.-How long has she worked here?,-She has worked here for_.,A.1993 B.six years,A,A,B,A,B,“仍然，还”用在疑问句和否定句中，放在句末。,I havent read this book,yet,.,Have you had breakfast,yet,?,already:,Yet:,“已经”通常用于肯定句中,放在句中。,I have,already,read this book.,有时，也用在疑问句中表示惊讶。,Have you eaten up all the food,already,?,“,从来不”用在否定句中,放在句中。,Is he famous?I have,never,heard of him.,ever,never,“,曾经”通常用于疑问句和肯定句中,放在句中。,I have,ever,seen this film.,Have you,ever,been to the USA?,“,以前”用在完成时中，放在句末。,have never read this kind of books,before,.,just,before,“,刚刚”用在陈述句中,放在句中。,I have,just,bought a novel,。,She has,already,cleaned the kitchen.,So now she is cleaning the floor.,already,She has,just,got,a phone call.,just,They have,watched,the football match,before,but they want to watch it again.,before,He hasnt,come,up with an idea,yet,.,He is still thinking.,yet,Exercise,根据所给情况，用,just,already,或,yet,造句。,1,.After lunch you go to see a friend at her house.She saysWould you like something to eat?You say:No,thank you._(have lunch),2,.Joe goes out.Five minutes later,the phone rings and the caller says Can I speak to Joe?You say:Im afraid _.(go out),he has just gone out,Ive just had lunch.,3,.,You are eating in a restaurant this evening.The waiter thinks you have finished and starts to take your plate away.You say:Wait a moment!_,(not/finish),4,.You are going to a restaurant this evening.,You phone to reserve(,预定）,a table.Later your friend says Shall I phone to reserve a table?You say:No,_ it (do),I havent finished it yet.,I have already done,动词的过去分词的规则变化，在动词后加,ed,，规则变化有以下四种：,原形,+ed,如：,worked,passed,词尾是,e,时，直接加,d,如：,likedlived,若词尾为“辅音字母加,y”,，则改,y,为,i,加,ed,。词尾 为“元音字母,+y”,时，直接加,d,；如,:playedstayedstudiedcried,末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节是，双写最后一个辅音字母加,ed.,如：,stoppeddropped,preferred,动词的过去分词的规则变化,不规则动词的过去式以及过去分词巧记规律,AAA,:put put put letlet let,ABA,:becomebecamebecome,ABB,:standstood,stood,ABC,:eat ateeaten,原型,过去式,过去分词,例词,-,eep,-,ept,-,ept,keep,sweep,sleep,-ell,-old,-old,sell,tell,-d,-t,-t,lend,spend,send,build,-ay,-aid,-aid,say,pay,lay,-n,-,nt,-,nt,burn,learn,mean,-,ee,-,-e-,-e-,meet,feed,-ought,-ought,bring,buy,fight,think,-aught,-aught,catch,teach,ABB(,含规则动词,),1.,另有一些其它形式的变化。,have(has)-had-had leave-left-left,lose-lost-lost make-made-made,feel-felt-felt spell-spelt-spelt,stand-stood-stood,2.,改变单词中间元音字母。,sit-sat-sat(babysit)win-won-won,shine-shone-shone hold-held-held,find-found-found hear-heard-heard,hang-hung(hanged)-hung(hanged),ABB(,含规则动词,),ABC,原型,过去式,过去分词,例词,-,eak,-,oke,-,oken,break,speak,-,eal,-ole,-,olen,steal,-ear,-ore,-,orn,wear,bear,tear,-,ow,（,aw,）,-,ew,-own,grow,blow,know,throw,draw,-i-,-a-,-u-,sink,swim,drink,ring,sing,begin,-i-,-o-,-n,drive,rise,ride,write,ABC,有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加,n,或,en,，变成以,en,结尾的单词。,take-took-taken give-gave-given,fall-fell-f